PEOPLE

People in a state…
-the most important element of the state

- if there is no people, there can be no functionaries to govern

and subjects to be governed

- people as a whole is considered as the think-tank of a state

- people in political concept is called “citizens”

"…..is a community of persons more
or less numerous…."
there is no requirement as to the number of people
that should compose a state

although there is no requirement as to number of

people it should depend on the size of the territory

large enough to be well governed and small enough to

be self- sufficing
Citizen
citizen is the political term used for people

or person having a title of citizenship

citizenship on the other hand is the term

denoting membership of a citizen in political
society or state

citizens enjoy full civil and political rights and is

accorded protection inside and outside the
territory of the State
People of a State
"Alien vs. Citizen"
Alien (Foreigner)
-is a citizen of a state who is residing or passing
through another state. He is not given the full right of
citizenship but is entitled to receive protection as to his
person and property

Citizen
-is a member of a democratic community who
enjoys full civil rights and political rights
General Ways of Acquiring
Citizenship
Involuntary Method
- by birth, because of blood relationship or place of
birth

Voluntary Method
- by naturalization or the being a citizen through the
application of law.
Citizens by birth…..
-there are two principle that govern citizenship by birth
(involuntary method)

1. Jus Sanguinis (law of the blood)

- blood relationship is the basis for the acquisition of
citizenship. The children follow the citizenship of the parents or
one of them.

2. Jus Soli (law of the place of birth)

- place of birth serves as the basis for acquiring citizenship.
A person becomes a citizen of a state where he is born
irrespective of the citizenship of the parents.
Citizens by naturalization
- naturalization is the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the
political body of a state and clothing him with the rights and
privileges of citizenship

 Ways of acquiring citizenships by naturalization

1. By judgment of the court

-a foreigner who wants to become a Filipino citizen must
apply for naturalization with the proper Regional Trial Court.

2. By direct act of Congress

- in this case, the law making body simply enacts an act
directly conferring citizenship on a foreigner.
Citizens by naturalization
 Ways of acquiring citizenships by naturalization

3. By administrative proceedings
-under R.A No. 9139 known as the ‘Administrative
Naturalization Law of 2000”, foreigner in the Philippines may be
granted Philippine citizenship by administrative proceedings
before a Special Committee on Naturalization.