Stepper motors

It is an electromagnetic motor that

rotates by specific number of degree

It converts electrical pulse in to

proportional mechanical movement.

Introduction
Each revolution of stepper motor is made
of definite individual steps

A step is an angular rotation( in degrees)

of the motor, each time it receives the
electrical pulse
 PERMANENT MAGNET VARIABLE
STEPPER MOTOR (PM) RELUCTANCE (VR)
Types of
stepper motor

HYBRID STEPPER
MOTOR
Some terms related to stepper motor
•  Step angle: The angle through which the rotor saft rotates for each
command pulse
• Step angle α=
• In terms of stator phases(m) and rotor poles (Nr) the step angle is
given by
Some terms related to stepper motor
•Stepping
  rate
The number of steps per second is known as stepping rate or stepping
frequency (f).
The actual speed of a stepper motor depends on the step angle (α) and
stepping frequency (f)
N
 The stator is composed of steel
laminations and carries windings
Permanent The stator windings are energized
magnet to create two or more stator poles
stepper motor
The rotor is a permanent magnet
 Operation of
permanent magnet
( PM) stepper
motor

 
Step angle α=
Truth table and voltage waveforms
 Works on the principle that if a ferromagnetic
material which is free to rotate is placed in a
magnetic field,torque acts on the material to
bring it to the position of minimum reluctance
to the path of magnetic flux.

VARIABLE
RELUCTAN Stator is similar to PM motor
CE STEPPER
MOTOR
Rotor is made of soft steel with teeth and slots
Operation of VR
stepper motor

  *360=30 degrees per step

Truth table and voltage waveforms
Hybrid stepper motor

•• The
 PM stator is similar to VR or
• The rotor has two identical
stacks of soft iron and an axial
permanent magnet.
• Rotor teeth are machined on
the soft iron stacks
• The rotor teeth on one end
become north pole and the
other end the south pole.
• Step angle α=