Measured 2 end fault location (L1-G with fault

resistance 30 Ohm and load current 300 A)

Measuring error due to

load and fault resistance
is eliminated
Example: Single and 2 end fault locator – Influence
parallel line (mutual coupling of zero sequence)

ILoad
VA ZLA ZLB

ZM0

ZLP

ZM0 = 15 + j100
ILoad = 300 A (10° between sources)
ZLA = ZLB = 2 + j15 Ohm (fault at 50%)
Line length = 100 km
 Measured single end fault location (L1-G with
zero sequence mutual impedance of parallel line)
Z line
Error + 27 km
77% Single end
measurement from
end B

Fault location 50
km = 50%

Error -9 km
Single end
measurement from
41% end A
Measured 2 end fault location (L1-G with fault
resistance 30 Ohm and load current 300 A)

Measuring error due to

zero sequence mutual
coupling is eliminated