The Lower Extremity

Role of OT with the LEs

• Functioning requires working of the entire
body
• It is not about gross or fine…just occupation
• Functional mobility, adjustment, movement
during ADL/iADL, positioning, LE dx (SCI,
amputation)
• Casting and orthoses in some environments
 LE Planes and Axes
• Hip
– Flexion/extension
– Abduction/adduction
– Internal/external
rotation
• Knee
– Flexion/extension
• Ankle
– Plantar/dorsiflexion
– Inversion/eversion
 Landmarks for OT
• Greater trochanter
• ASIS
• Lateral epicondyle
• Lateral malleolus
 Hip Major Muscle Groups
• Quadriceps
• Ileopsoas
• Sartorius
• Adductor Longus/Brevis
• Gluteus Medius
• Gluteus Maximus
 Abnormalities of the Hip
• Limited ROM
• Trendelenburg sign
• Antalgic gait
• Coxa Valgus or Varus

• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=tcfGb6b2K
WQ&feature=related

• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=mxyC-26RN
 Knee Major Muscle Groups
• Hamstrings
• Quadriceps
 Kinematics of the Knee
• Genu Valgum/Varum
• Evolute
• Patella
• Meniscus

• Bones
– Femur, tibia, (fibula)
 Knee Ligaments
• ACL
• PCL
• LCL
• MCL
 Ankle
• Tibia
• Fibula
• Talus

• Motions
– Plantar/dorsiflexion
– Inversion/eversion
– Supination/pronation
 Pathologies of the Ankle
• Foot drop
• http://www.youtube.com/wa
tch?v=llpfBP8cVVE
• Weakness – rolling
• Edema - dressing