Technological innovations and skill

development
• Expected outcome-
• be able to analyze technological innovations
and skill development
SKILL, RE-SKILL AND UPSKILL
 Skill
• An ability and capacity acquired through
deliberate, systematic, and sustained effort to
smoothly and adaptively carryout complex
activities or job functions involving ideas
(cognitive skills), things (technical skills),
and/or people (interpersonal skills).
Skill development
 USP
12 years education is though necessary,
may not bring a job but 12 weeks
training will definitely do
 The Ministry of Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship
• The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
was set up on 9 November 2014 to coordinate all skill
development efforts across the country.
• Industrial training, apprenticeship and other skill
development responsibilities were transferred from
the Ministry of Labor and Employment to this newly made
ministry on 16 April 2015.
• It aims to remove the disconnect between demand and
supply of skilled manpower, to build the new skills and
innovative thinking not only for existing jobs but also for
jobs that are to be created.
 Skill Gap: India vs. the World
• Country Skilled workforce (% of population )
• China 45%
• UK 68-70%
• Japan 80%
• Germany 74%
• South Korea 96%
• India 2%
 India’s challenges
• School drop out rates
• Lack of formal vocational education
• Lack of capacity for skill training
• Lack of skilled trainers
 Sectors having high demand for skilled
workforce
• Construction and real E-state
• Mining
• Steel industry
• Medical and Para-medical
• Pharmaceuticals
• Electrical and chemical
• Oil and Gas
 Recap Question
• Skill India is focused on imparting
• A. General Education
• B. Vocational Education
• C. Environmental Education
• D. Language Education
 Answer
• Skill India is focused on imparting
• B. Vocational Education
 News Buzz
• With an aim to skill, reskill and upskill
country’s youth in the shipping sector, The Mi
nistry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurshi
p partners with The Ministry of Shipping
.
 Skill Development
• NSDC
• SSC
• NSDA-NOS, QPs
• NSQF (NVEQF & NVQF), 10 levels, KSA, KSPs
• ITIs
• SSDMs
• DSCs
• Rust, blue, grey and white collar skilled workforce.
 NSDC
• The NSDC was set up as a Public Private Partnership Company in 2008 in
order to create and fund vocational training institutions, and create support
systems for skills development.

• In light of the introduction of the GST in 2017, NSDC and the Institute of

Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) collaborated to train over 100,000
people as GST experts to help the corporate sector with accounts work.

• The NSDC has trained more than 5.2 million students, and it has also
created 235 private sector partnerships and 38 Sector Skill Councils (SSC)
in various industries.
 Sector Skill Councils (SSC)
• The SSCs operate as an autonomous body. NSDC is mandated
to initiate and incubate SSCs with initial seed funding to
facilitate their growth.
• Identification of skill development needs including preparing a
catalogue of types of skills, range and depth of skills to
facilitate individuals to choose from them.
• Development of a sector skill development plan and
maintaining skill inventory.
• Determining skills and getting them notified as per NSQF.
 NSDA
• National Skill Development Agency(NSDA) is an
autonomous body under Ministry of Skill
Development and Entrepreneurship that anchors the
National Skill Qualifications Framework and allied
quality assurance mechanisms.
 State Skill Development Missions (SSDM)
• Honorable Prime Minster addressed to all Chief Minister’s on
accelerating action for skill development and making two specific
suggestions for the State Government:

• Making available the buildings of public educational institutions

after class hours for skill development activities.
• Setting up State Level Skill Development Missions to provide inter-
sectoral coordination at State level may be chaired by Chief
Minister .
• Government of India is willing to extend all possible support in the
matter through institutional arrangements already created at its
level
 Other initiatives
• Skill training with stipend
• Skill Card and easy loan
• Tie-up with defence sector
• Tie-up with Indian Railways
• Awareness programs like skill Yatras in distrcits
• Various skill development projects like PMKVY
 Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
(PMKVY)
• Union Cabinet has approved the Pradhan
Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) with an
outlay of Rs.1,500 crore to train 24 Lakh
Indians.
• Launched in 2015
 Key characteristics of PMKVY
• Aims to impart skill training to youth with
focus on first time entrants to the labour
market and class 10 and class 12 drop outs.
• The scheme will cover 24 lakh persons & skill
training would be based on the National Skill
Qualification Framework (NSQF) and industry
led standards.
 ………..
• Skill training would be on the basis of skill gap
studies conducted by the NSDC
• Training would include soft skills, personal
grooming, behavioral change for cleanliness,
good work ethics and so on.
Courses to be included under PMKVY
 Q1
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled National
Policy for Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship 2015 is intended to replace the
___________.

a. National Policy on Skill Development 2009

b. International Policy on Skill Development 2009
c. National Policy on Skill Development 2004
d. National Policy on Skill Development 2000
 Answer
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled
National Policy for Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship 2015, is intended to replace -

a. National Policy on Skill Development 2009.

It is the first such policy on entrepreneurship

since independence in India.
 2
• Skill India Campaign was launched on ______.

a. 13th July’15
b. 14th July’15
c. 15th July’15
d. 16th July’15
 Answer
• Skill India Campaign was launched on ______.
• c. 15th July’15
 3
• :To provide gainful employment the most important
• mechanism is imparting/developing ?

• A. Education

• B Skill

• C. Urbanization

• D. Social Awareness
 Answer
• :To provide gainful employment the most
important mechanism is imparting/developing
?
• B. Skill
 4
• NSDC stands for-
• A. National Skill Development Corporation
• B. National Skill Development Company
• C. National Skill Development Co-operation
• D. None of the above
 Answer
• NSDC stands for-
• A. National Skill Development Corporation
 RECAP QUIZ
• SSC stands for-
• A. Sector skill councils
• B. Sector skill councilors
• C. Sector specific councils
• D. Sector specific councilors
 Answer
• SSC stands for-
• A. Sector skill councils
 2
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
is associated with-
• A. Make in India
• B. Skill development
 Answer
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
is associated with-

• B. Skill development
 Skill Loan Scheme
• The skill loan scheme was launched with an intent to support
the youth willing to take up skill training program in the
country.
• This Skill Loan Scheme replaced the earlier Indian Banks
Association (IBA) Model Loan Scheme for Vocational
Education and Training.
• Any Indian National taking admission in a course offered by
ITI, Polytechnics, school recognized by Central or State
education Boards, college affiliated to recognized university,
training partners affiliated to NSDC, SSC, SSDM, can avail
loan under the scheme.
• The repayment period under the scheme is 3 to 7 years.
• This scheme does not discriminate against women.
 Technological Innovation
• Innovation vs. invention
• “Invention” can be defined as the creation of a
product or introduction of a process for the
first time.
• “Innovation,” on the other hand, occurs if
someone improves on or makes a significant
contribution to an existing product, process or
service.
 ……….
• Process innovation and product innovation
• Technological innovation and skill
development
The 4 types of innovation
 Incremental Innovation
• Incremental Innovation is the most common
form of innovation. It utilizes your existing
technology and increases value to the
customer within your existing market. 
• Examples include adding new features to
existing products or services or even removing
features (value through simplification) like
Android phones, beauty products and so on.
 Disruptive Innovation
• Disruptive innovation involves applying new
technology or processes to your company’s existing
market.  
• This newer technology is often more expensive, has
fewer features, is harder to use, and so on.
• It is only after a few iterations that the newer tech
surpasses the old and disrupts all existing companies. 
• By then, it might be too late for the established
companies to quickly compete with the newer
technology. E.g., i-phone.
 Architectural Innovation
• Architectural innovation is simply taking the lessons,
skills and overall technology and applying them in a
different market.  
• This innovation is amazing at increasing new customers
as long as the new market is receptive.  
• Most of the time, the risk involved in architectural
innovation is low due to the reliance and
reintroduction of proven technology.
• Though most of the time it requires tweaking to match
the requirements of the new market. 
 Radical innovation/invention
• Radical innovation is what we think of mostly
when considering innovation.   New market and
new technology.
• It gives birth to new industries and involves
creating revolutionary technology.   
• The airplane, for example, was not the first
mode of transportation, but it is revolutionary
as it allowed commercialized air travel to
develop and prosper.
 1
• Apple i-phone is-
• A. invented
• B. innovated
 Answer
• Apple i-phone is-

• B. innovated
• Because it used earlier technologies and
improvised on it like GPS.
 2
• On the basis of which of the following two
parameters the types of business innovation
are classified-
• A. Market and technology
• B. Market and customer
• C. Technology and investment
• D. Investment and profit
 Answer
• On the basis of which of the following two
parameters the types of business innovation
are classified-
• A. Market and technology
 Assignment
• Identify at least 2 examples of-
• Incremental
• Disruptive
• Architectural, and
• Radical Innovation.
 Social responsibility and ethics
• Expected learning outcome-
• be able to analyze social responsibility and
ethics .
 Social responsibility
• Social responsibility means individuals and
business firms have a duty to act in the best
interests of their environment and society as a
whole. 
• Social responsibility, as it applies to business, is
known as corporate social responsibility.
• In this way, there must be a balance between
economic growth and the welfare of society
and the environment.
 Ethics
• The word "ethics" is derived from the Greek
word ethos which means character.
• Ethics are the guiding principles which help
the individual or group to decide what is good
or bad.
 …………….
• Ethics are generally talking about what is right
or wrong
• Ethics is how we behave, about the standards
we hold ourselves to
• How we treat each other
• Ethical behaviour is self-regarding behaviour
that affects positively the world around us
 BUSINESS ETHICS
• Business ethics is the study of business
situations, activities and decisions where
issues of right and wrong are addressed.
• Interest in business ethics has been spurred by
headlines of business scandals.
• A 1982 study reported that of the Fortune 500
companies,115 companies (23%) had been
convicted of at least one major crime or paid
penalties of serious misbehavior.
 CASE 1
• Lorna is an administrative assistant in the
Human Resources Department.
• Her good friend, Bill, is applying for a job with
the company and she has agreed to serve as a
reference for him.
• Bill approaches her for advice on preparing for
the interview.
• Lorna has the actual interview questions asked
of all applicants and considers making him a
copy of the list so he can adequately prepare.