Explanation of Cobalt(III)

Ammines on the Basis of

Werner’s Coordination Theory
Presented by Muhammad
Jahanzaib
 Werner Isolated four Cobalt(III) Amines on the Basis
of numbers of Precipitated Chloride ions. In all
Cobalt(III) Amines:
• Primary valency of Cobalt is 3 satisfied by
Chloride ions and these ions attached by
Cobalt(III) broken lines (------).
Amines • Secondary valency of Cobalt is 6 satisfied by
Ammonia molecules lonely or by both Ammonia
and Chloride ions. Attachments for secondary
valency are shown by solid lines
• Due to six secondary valency Cobalt (III) Amines
always show Octahedral geometry.
 This complex give 3 Participated Chloride
Ions as AgCl ppt. Thus no Chloride Ion
present in Coordination Sphere and it
Cobalt(III) can be Written as [Co(NH3)6]Cl3.
Amine with 6
NH3 molecules [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 → [Co(NH3)6]+3 + 3Cl−1
3AgNO3 + 3Cl−1 → 3AgCl (ppt) + 3NO3−1
 This complex give 2 Participated Chloride Ions
as AgCl ppt. Thus ONE Chloride Ion
present in Coordination Sphere and it can
be Written as [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2.
Cobalt(III)
Amine with 5
[Co(NH3)5 Cl]Cl2 → [Co(NH3)5 Cl]+2 + 2Cl−1
NH3 molecules
2AgNO3 + 2Cl−1 → 2AgCl (ppt) + 2NO3−1
 This complex give only one Participated
Chloride Ions as AgCl ppt. Thus 2
Chloride Ion present in Coordination
Cobalt(III) Sphere and it can be Written as
Amine with 4 [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl.
NH3 molecules [Co(NH3)4 Cl2]Cl → [Co(NH3)4 Cl2]+1 + Cl−1

AgNO3 + Cl−1 → AgCl (ppt) + NO3−1

 This complex give no Participated Chloride
Ions as AgCl ppt. Thus 3 Chloride Ion
present in Coordination Sphere and it can
be Written as [Co(NH3)3 Cl3].
Cobalt(III)
Amine with 3 [Co(NH3)4 Cl3] is a neutral coordination sphere.
NH3 molecules (No PPT)