Pre –Feeding Activities

Aktivitas sebelum pemberian makan

Support oral-phase skill development
Meningkatkan keterampilan fase oral
 Pre – Feeding activities
Aktivitas sebelum Pemberian Makan

• Breast and bottle feeding :

• Spoon feeding : makan dengan sendok
• Mastication of solid food : mastikasi makanan
padat
• Cup drinking : minum dari cangkir
• Straw drinking : minum dengan sedotan
 Breast and Bottle Feeding
Pre- requisite skills Prasyarat Keterampilan Minum:
• Koordinasi dari isap-telan-napas sinkron
• Tongue bowling to support the nipple
• An infant orients to the nipple (rooting response), opens the mouth widely (gape response), brings the tongue
down to floor of mouth, extends it over the lower lip to grasp the nipple. The mouth closes, the anterior
tongue cups to hold the nipple, the body of the tongue grooves to stabilize the nipple. The nipple is enclosed
between the grooved tongue, cheeks and palate, forming a teat. The nipple should contact the infant’s
posterior hard palate. After attachment the infant holds the nipple with the anterior and mid-tongue, with the
lips assisting; the soft palate hinges downward, contacting the back of the tongue; the nipple sealed between
the soft palate, grooved tongue, lips, and cheeks. The tongue is grooved from front to back, milk spraysfrom
the nipple and form the nipple and forms a bolus, the soft palate elevates, pharingeal walls contract (to close
off nasal passage), vocal folds are closed by arytenoid cartilage moving together. The epiglottis tilts down to
direct milk around vocal folds, suprahyoid muscles pull the larynx upward to shorten the pharynx, and the
tongue uses positive pressure to push the bolus of milk into the pharynx for transit to the esophagus.
 Spoon Feeding
Makan dengan sendok
Prasyarat :
• Stabilitas dan penilaian rahang
• Upper lip needs to mobilize down and forward Bibir atas perlu bergerak ke bawah dan
ke depan
• Lower lip rolls in slightly to stabilize the spoon Bibir bawah menggulung untuk
menstabilkan sendok
• Contraction through the lateral bordersof the tongue Kontraksi melalui batas tepi lidah
• Contraction in the cheeks to provide the intraoral pressure to support swallowing
Kontraksi pipi untuk memberikan tekanan intraoral dalam proses menelan
• Dissociated tongue tip elevation to initiate a swallow Ujung lidah naik untuk memulai
proses menelan
 Mastication of Solid Foods
mastikasi makanan padat
Pre-requisite skills Prasayarat skills :
• Jaw stability Stabilitas rahang
• Jaw grading to bite through a variety of food textures tingkatan
rahang untuk mengigit berbagai macam tekstur
• Mobility through the tongue tip and lateral borders of the tongue
facilitate oral transport Pergerakan ujung dan tepi lidah memfasilitasi
transportasi oral
• Contraction of the cheeks Kontraksi pipi
• Lip closure Penutupan bibir
 Cup Drinking
Minum dengan Cangkir
Pre- requisite skills :
• Jaw stability Stabilitas rahang
• Cheek contraction for sucking and swallowing Kontraksi pipi untuk mengisap dan
menelan
• Lip closure for swallowing liquids Penutupan bibir untuk menelan cairan (upper lip
should come down and forward to draw liquid in while the lower lip stabilizes the cup
Bibir atas harus bergerak turun dan maju untuk menarik cairan sementara bibir bawah
menstabilkan gelas)
• Jaw-lip-tongue dissociation and grading Disosiasi dan penilaian rahang-bibir-lidah
• Mobility of lateral borders of the tongue for retraction Pergerakan tepi lidah untuk
• Mobility of the tongue tip Pergerakan ujung lidah
 Straw Drinking
Minum dengan Sedotan
Pre-requisite skills :
• Lip rounding Bibir mengerucut
• Cheek contraction Kontraksi pipi
• Jaw stability Stabilitas rahang
• Contraction through the lateral borders of the tongue for retraction kontraksi
tepi lidah untuk
• Dissociation of jaw-lip-tongue movement pemisahan gerakan rahang-bibir-
lidah
• Tongue retraction with dissociated tongue tip mobility Retraksi lidah dengan
pemisahan gerakan ujung lidah