INTRODUCTION TO

RESEARCH & PROJECTS

Prof . Thasni Ali
What is Research?
Nature of research

A) Scientific
B) Systematic
C)Verifiable
Objectives of research

a) Achieve New Insight

b) Develop New Theory
c) Generalise the principle
d) Determine relationship between two variables.
Types of Variable

a) Constant -2,4,6,7
b) Variable –x,y,z
c) Independent Variable –Sleep deprivation
d) Dependent variable –Test performance
e) Extraneous variable- temperature of room, Emotional state
Types of Hypothesis

• Null Hypothesis
• Alternative hypothesis
Types of Research

a) Experimentation
b) Observation
c) Ex-Post Facto
Tools of Data Collection

a) Interview
b) Questionnaire
c) Survey
d) Projective test
Sampling

• Probability sampling
• Non-Probability Sampling