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History and Elements of Architecture

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio was a Roman architect, engineer, and author of a famous treatise on architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright said that architecture is the "mother art" and that without our own architectural culture, we have no soul of our own civilization. Architecture is derived from Latin and refers to the art and technique of designing and building structures out of various materials like stone, wood, concrete, iron and steel. The key elements of architectural design include space, line, color, shape, texture, form, value, and the principles of design are unity, contrast, repetition, variety, emphasis, balance, proportion and functionality. Cast iron construction emerged in the 19th century as a strong but heavy alternative to stone and

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134 views13 pages

History and Elements of Architecture

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio was a Roman architect, engineer, and author of a famous treatise on architecture. Frank Lloyd Wright said that architecture is the "mother art" and that without our own architectural culture, we have no soul of our own civilization. Architecture is derived from Latin and refers to the art and technique of designing and building structures out of various materials like stone, wood, concrete, iron and steel. The key elements of architectural design include space, line, color, shape, texture, form, value, and the principles of design are unity, contrast, repetition, variety, emphasis, balance, proportion and functionality. Cast iron construction emerged in the 19th century as a strong but heavy alternative to stone and

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Nida
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ARCHITECTURE

GROUP 5
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio – A


Roman architect, engineer,
and author of the celebrated
treatise De architectura (On
Architecture), a handbook for
Roman Architects.
“ The mother art is architecture.
Without an architecture of our
own, we have no soul of our
own civilization. – Frank Lloyd
Wright

4
ARCHITECTURE
- derived from the Latin word architectura

- It is the art and technique of designing and building, as


distinguished from the skills associated with construction.

An architect is an artist who designs structures to enclose


residential, commercial, or public space.
ARCHITECTURAL
MATERIALS
 Stone
 Wood
 Concrete
 Iron
 Steel
ELEMENTS OF
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
1. Space – area provided for particular purpose
2. Line – basic component of a shape and represents the
continuous movement of a point along a surface
3. Color – is seen either by the way light reflects off a
surface, or in colored light sources.
ELEMENTS OF
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
4. Shape – defined as an area that stands out from the space
next to or around it due to a defined or implied boundary.
5. Texture – is perceived surface quality
6. Form – represents any 3D object.
7. Value – refers to the relationship between light and dark on
a surface or object.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 Unity – sense that everything in a place belongs there.
 Contrast – the occurrence of differing elements such as color,
value, size, etc.
 Repetition (rhythm, pattern, recurrence)
 Variety (alternation)
 Emphasis (dominance or focal point)
 Balance (placing of elements)
 Proportion (scale)
 Functionality
 Proximity
CAST IRON
CONSTRUCTION
- Was a product of the 19th century Industrial Revolution
- A welcome alternative to stone and wood
- Allowed for the erection of taller buildings with thinner
walls
- Has great strength but is heavy
ARCHITECTURAL STYLES

CLASSIC ROMANESQUE
- Ancient Greece - Europe
- Between the 7th and 4th - Between the 6th and 9th
century BC centuries
GOTHIC
- Opus
Francigenum/French
Work
- Late Middle Ages (years
900-1300)

BAROQUE
- Europe
- 16th century
THANKS!
13

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