Work Ethics

WORK DEFINED
work has been defined as an activity
in which one exerts strength or
faculties to do or perform something
work is defined as a labor, task or
duty
Work always means performing
some activities that will satisfy
needs and create service for certain
individual, group or society, and it
is therefore accepted and rewarded
Right to Work

First specific rights recognized in

International Covenant On Economic ,
Social And Cultural Rights

deals with access to work and it is the

main concern
 For many people,
work is something
that a man should to
do in order to
survive…
International Covenant on Economic,
Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
states that the right to work includes:

“the right of a man to the opportunity

to gain his living by work.”
What is the meaning of
“ to earn one’s living”?
 Article 11 of ICESCR states
that ….provides that there is a
right to an adequate standard of
living that is unconditional; it
does not depend on work.
 So work as a Human Rights
standard is not to be seen as a
means to have an adequate
standard of living ( as this is
guaranteed by another human
right but to earn such standard
of living.
•Human Right to Work recognizes
work as a something to which each
every individual is entitled
•Right to participate in the
producing and servicing of
Human Society and the right to
 Government Obligation Obligation
under the right to work
1. Government must provide the
opportunity to earn one’s living to
each person who currently does not
have this opportunity
2. Government must prevent hid
opportunity from being destroyed by
third parties (obligation to protect)
3. Fulfill each person’s access to work
Wage
• Presidential Decree No. 442 or the
labor code of the Philippines defines
“Wage”.
• remuneration or earning , capable
of of being expressed in terms of
money
• payable by employer or employee
under a written or
Wage and Salaries
Wage is based on hours worked.

Salaries is an amount paid for a

particular job.
 Factors to Consider in settling for a Salary

• fulfilling the obligations and responsibilities of

the job.
• level of demand elsewhere in the community
and/or industry for prospective employees
• cost living in the area attractiveness of the
community in which the company operates
Wage and Morality
• Justice means giving what is right and what
is due

• Practice of giving salaries below the

minimum wage if not wage is observed:
• factory workers
• construction workers
• sales ladies
Unionism
TRADE UNION OR UNION LABOR
- Organization of workers who have banded
together to achieve common goals such as better
working condition It includes the:
• negotiation of wages
• work rules • Promotion of workers
• complaint procedures • benefits
• rules governing
• work place
• hiring and firing
• safety and policies
 Morality cannot be an issue
unless a union is created in
which its objectives are
contrary to law, since most
acts that are considered illegal
are immortal also…
 Strike
A suspensions of work against an
employer, factory, industry or firm
performed by workers and maintained
until the demands are met by the entity
against from which they are striking.
Rights of Workers
The Philippine Constitution enumerates the rights of
workers:
right to collective bargaining and negotiations - to
negotiate additional salaries and benefits is involved
in the right
right to strike - strike means stoppage of work by
employees
right to organization - involves the right of every
employee to form, to join or to not join labor
unions.
Rights of Workers
right to security and tenure - security of tenure mans
the right to be protected in his employment and
must be terminated only if there are justifiable, valid
and lawful grounds.
right to humane conditions of work- this covers the
right to be given rest and meal periods including the
right to work in a safe and healthy working
environment
right to participate in policy and decision-making
processes- this covers the right to be involved in
activities affecting employee’s interest and welfare.
Duties of Employees
These may be explained the contract of employment, but
the law also says that there are certain obligations and duties
owed by an employee to their employer, even if the contract
does not mention them. These include:

1. To do what reasonable employee would do in any situation

2. Duty to be honest
3. Disclose wrong doing, (does not include “spent” convictions).
4. Carry out and follow
5. Not to disclose the employer.
6. Work with reasonable care and skill
7. Look after the employer’s property if using it
8. Not to compete in business against, the employer while still
working for them as an employee
9. Not to take bribes
Duties of Employers to Employees
• Duty to pay
• Duty to provide work
• Self working condition
• Employment opportunities
• Work securities
• Physical welfare