BIOTELEMETRY

Dr. Umme Saima Sunny

BDS.,PGT (OMS)
MSc. Student of BME
KUET.
 Definition of biotelemetry
biotelemetric

The remote detection and measurement

of a human or animal function, activity,
or condition (such as heart rate or body
temperature)
 INTRODUCTION
Some times, it become essential to monitor
physiological events from a distant place.
Some of such situations are:
(a) Monitoring of astronauts during flight.
(b) Monitoring of patients in ambulance while transite to hospital.
(c) Monitoring of patients while obtaining their exercise
electroCardiogram.
(d) Monitoring of patients who are permitted to stay away from
the hospital.
(e) Monitoring of animals in their natural habitat.
(f) Transmission of ECG or other medical information through
telephone links.
(g) Isolating the patients from electricity operated measuring
equipment such as
ECG.
equipment in order to prevent any accidental shock to them.
Moreover biotelemetry is a method of measuring
biological paramenters from a distance and of
transmission of resulting data.

The simplest device which uses

this principle of biotelemetry.

stethoscope
Earlier times,
the telemetry could be applied to measure

(1) temperature by rectal or oral thermistor

(2) electrocardiograms by surface electrodes

(3) indirect blood pressure by contact microphone and cuff

(4) respiration by impedance pneumograph.

However it is possible now to apply biolemetry to almost all
measurements such as

(1) bioelectrical variables eg.

ECG, EMG and EEG and

(2)physiological variables that require transducers

blood pressure, blood flow

and temperatures.
ECG telemetry is the transmission of ECG, form site of an
emergency to a hospital where a doctor can interpret, the
ECG and instruct suitable treatment for the patient. Patients
with heart problem can wear ECG telemetry unit -----

-On job which relays ECG data

to hospital
-An athlet when runs for
checking his cardiac condition.
Shows the principal components and mechanical design of proposed ECG
device, where short-term post-event recorder is enabled inserting the ECG
acquisition body in the short-term post-event recorder housing. Holter or long-
term recording mode is enabled by connecting the cable of wet adhesive
electrodes to the ECG acquisition body
 Fig. 7

Tested device placement; two vertical (V1–V2), three horizontal (H1–H3), and
finally the corresponding positions of electrodes of H2, V1 placement on human
chest ribs
 Fig. 2
1

Shows the basic diagram of the presented platform and its principal
components, where the proposed device is wirelessly transmitting the
recordings to a handheld mobile phone which transmits the signals to a cloud
server. Signals could be directly transmitted to the cloud server using GSM
connection
 Fig. 8

Shows short-term post-event signals L1–L3 (left column) versus golden

standard channels V1–V3 (right column). The morphological variability could be
noticed among leads recorded using short-term post-event recorder as well as
golden standard leads
Transmission of EEG generally used for mentally disturbed
children. The child wears specially designed the met known as football
helmet or superman’s element which has built in electrodes so
that his EEG a can be motored for any traumatic difficulty during play.
Biotelemetry is also used for electromyogram
(EMG) for studies of muscle damage or
partial paralysis problem.
Surface EMG on hand and leg-
BIOTELEMETRY SYSTEM
 METHODS OF MODULATION

1.The modulation of carrier waves can be carried

out either by amplitude modulation or by frequency
modulation.

Amplitude modulation :- the amplitude of the

carrier waves is caused to vary with the information
signals being transmitted and less susceptible to
electrical interference.

Frequency modulation :- the frequency of carrier

wave is caused to vary with the information signals
being transmitted.
2.Pulse modulation :- In case transmission carrier
is in the form of pulses instead of sine waves.

pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) :- Amplitude of

the pulses is used to convey the transmitted
information.

pulse width modulation (PWM) :- The width of

pulses is varied to convey transmitted information.
 MULTIPLEXING
When many physiological signals are to be transmitted simultaneously,
the method of frequency multiplexing is used. In this method, low
frequency carrier waves (subcarrier) in audio frequency range are used.

Each physiological signal is placed on a subcarrier of a

different frequency

All subcarriers Frequency multiplexing is more efficient

and less expensive

At receiving end, transmission is received and

demodulated to recover each of the separate subcarriers
which are individually demodulated to retrieve original
physiological signals.
THANK YOU ALL.