POWER

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 Power
Morgenthau defines power as a psychological relation between those who
exercise it and those over whom it is exercised. It gives the former control
over certain actions of the latter through the influence which the former
exerts over the latter’s mind.
Power the capacity to impose one’s will on others by reliance on effective
sanctions in case of non compliance.
The ability to influence the behavior of others in accordance with one’s own
ends.
 Elements of Power
• Geography
Size of the territory
The Climate
Location
Topography
• Natural Resources
• Technology
• Population
 Elements of Power (Contd.)
• National Character and Morale
• Economic Development
• Political Structure
• Ideological Element
• Leadership
• Military Preparedness
• Diplomacy
 Exercise of Power
• Persuasion
• Rewards
• Punishment
• Force
 Kinds of Power
• Physical Power (military strength)
• Psychological Power (power over public opinion)
• Economic Power (the ability to control the behaviour of other
nations by having greater control over economic goods and
services.
 Range and Scope of Power
• Range of Power can be defined as the difference between the highest
reward (or indulgence) and the worst punishment (or deprivation) which a
power holder can bestow upon some person in his domain.
• Range also has internal (both benign and tyrannical measures)and external
components
• A powerful state can punish directly or indirectly a weak country if the
latter does not follow the former’s line.
 Scope of Power
• Scope of Power is the set or collection of all the particular kinds
of classes or behaviour, relations and affairs that are effectively
subjected to governmental power.
• This set of collection –embraces all the types of activities a
government seeks to control, domestic as well as foreign.
Technological advancements have substantially increased the
internal and external scope of power.
 Role and Use of Power
• National Security
• Preserving Status quo
• Changing status quo
• Use in Diplomacy
• Enhancing Prestige
• Serving National Interests
 Limitations of Power
• The Balance of Power
• International Morality
• The world Public Opinion
• International Law
• Disarmament
• International Organisations