Aims & Objects of the

Establishment of Pakistan
Lecture 1
 Learning objectives
• Ideology & Islamic Ideology
• Foundation of Pakistan (Two-Nation Theory).
• Sir-Syed Ahmed Khan
• Allama Dr Mohammad Iqbal
• Chudary Rehamat Ali
• Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah
 INTODUCTION
• Pakistan based on the ideology of Islam. So
ideology of Pakistan and ideology of Islam are
not two ideologies. Both are same.
• Meaning of ideology
The term “ideology” means the idea of
science. An ideology is a set of ideas that
constitutes one’s goals, expectations and
actions.
• Definition of Ideology
It is a term which is used to tell the
perception, principles, beliefs, ideas, opinions
and ways of thinking and actions of a
particular person or a group.
• Ideology relation with past, present and future
an ideology interprets the past, explains the
present and vision the future.
• Islamic Ideology
Islamic ideology includes those things and
actions that have been approved by our Holy-
Quran and the sunnah of our last
Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H).

• The aims of ideology by the beginning of the

20th century it was clearly seen that Hindus
and Muslims are two separate nations
 Islamic Ideology

• Muslims couldn’t bear the rule of Hindus

anymore and they need a separate homeland
to live according to their own ideology that is
Islamic ideology.
• Aims of separate homeland
There are many nations seen in the history who
are of different classes and they live together for
centuries.

• Hindus and Muslims lived together for several

centuries still they couldn’t live together as a
nation. The differences in these two classes were
deep rooted. So these both nations lived side by
side without any chances of meeting together, this
made the separation of both nations necessary.
• Ideology of Pakistan
Pakistan's ideology is based on Islamic
ideology. The demand of a separate nation
came from the two nation theory that stated
that Muslims and Hindus were completely
different from each other in every aspects of
their lives.
 Ideology of Pakistan

• The reason why Muslims are different from

Hindus is that they have FAITH in one God that
is ALLAH ALMIGTY and they believe in the
teachings of Islam that is taught to them by
their Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H).
While having such distinct lives from the
Hindus, Muslims wanted a separate homeland
to preach and practice their religion in a
separate homeland peacefully.
• Ideology of Islam and Quaid-e-Azam
The two nation theory shows that the Muslims of the sub-
continent were a separate nation.

• Muhammad Ali Jinnah said in 1944: “ you must remember

that Islam is not merely a religious doctrine but a religious
and practical code of conduct.

• I am thinking in terms of our history, our heroes, our art,

our architecture, our laws, our jurisprudence. In all these
things our outlook is not only fundamentally different but
also radically aggressive(violent) to Hindus. We are
different beings. There is nothing in life, which link us
together.”
• No difference between ideology of Pakistan
and ideology of Islam:
Ideology of Pakistan gave Muslims of the sub-
continent a security that they can maintain
their identity as Muslims and can practice
Islam openly and peacefully in a Muslim
environment.

• Ideology of Pakistan is based on Quranic

principles and teachings of our beloved
Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) .
• Fundamental concept of ideology of Pakistan:
Muslims will enjoy their Islamic freedom fully
and will setup their culture and religious
traditions and will create a true Islamic society
for themselves.
• Ideology of Islam and Muhammad Bin Qasim
(R.A):
Islamic ideology is based on Holy Quran and
sunnah of our Holy prophet (P.B.U.H).
Muhammad Bin Qasim (R.A) was the first one
who introduced Islamic ideology in the sub-
continent when he came in sindh at 712 AD
and because of this sindh is known as Babul-
Islam.
• Idea of Pakistan:
Muslims of the sub-continent demanded a
separate homeland for themselves because
they wanted to preach and practice their
deen(religion) with full freedom and
independence.
• They wanted to save their pure religion from
the interference of the Hindus and from the
western domination and so wanted a separate
land to secure their identity.
 Main points regarding Islamic Ideology
• Idea ignored by new generation
• Islam is a perfect code of life
• Human cooperation is like a tree
• Quran concept of life(responsibility, wisdom, ability to
distinguish between right and wrong)
• Obedience to Allah and
Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H)
• Muslim society and their citizen(don’t show selfishness)
• Significant value of ideology of Pakistan(safeguard Islam)
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Based on Quran and Sunnah:
The Islamic ideology is based on the principles of the
Holy Quran and the sunnah of our Holy Prophet
Muhammad (P.B.U.H) only.
• Complete way of Life:
It is known to everybody that Islam is mere not a
religion but a whole code of our lives. If we will live
our lives according to which we will be successful and
will be rewarded in this world and in hereafter as well.
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Balance and Moderate Path:
Islam encourages a balance in life and
moderation in everything. The Holy Quran
gives the title name Ummat-e-Wasat to
followers of the Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H).
It dislikes extremism so we should follow
Islamic rules in our lives and should keep our
lives balanced.
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Social and Moral Code:
Islam has not only commanded us to worship
Allah only but has also taught us to be social
and live in a community. Islam has also taught
us to keep our morale valves intact.(unbroken)
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Faith and Core Point:
The main thing in Islamic ideology that is based
on the faith. A Muslims faith in one Allah and our
Holy Muhammad(P.B.U.H) teachings should be
very firm and strong then only one can follow
Islamic ideology.
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• No Monkish Concept:
Islam is the balance and a moderate religion.
It has never encouraged a monkish concept of
life. It does not permit his followers to cut off
from society and community and lived in the
forest for purification of your heart. It is not
Sunnah of our Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H).
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Ideal and Complete Economical System:
The teachings regarding economy in Islam is
complete and without any flaw(fault, error).
It keeps the economy stable for e.g paying
Zakat keeps the flow of money in an economy.
Circulation of the wealth is the main aim and
objective of zakat.
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Permanent and Comprehensive Principle:
Islam is the permanent deen for this
generation and the next one as well. It is not
liable to any change and is free from any flaw
in it. It’s principles are universal.
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Significant Focus on Knowledge:
Allah(SWT) is the creator of this universe and
knows all seen and unseen things. He has
commanded its creations to observe what has
allowed us to observe and gain as much
knowledge as possible.
• The Holy Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) said
“ seek knowledge from cradle to grave”(occurring
or persist from beginning to end)
 Qualities of Islamic Ideology
• Tolerance with other Religions:
Islam follows the rule of live. It is a duty of a
Muslim to guide the ignorant but guidance is in
the hands of Allah only. There are many
commandments of Allah(SWT) and sayings of the
Holy Prophet Muhammad(P.B.U.H) Islam teaches
its followers and disbelievers as well to maintain
balance in their practical life. How to behave with
Non-Muslim and to treat with respect.
 Two-Nation Theory
• The two-nation theory is the ideology that the
primary identity of Muslims on the Indian
subcontinent is their religion, rather than their
language or ethnicity, and therefore
Indian Hindus and Muslims are two
distinct nationalities, regardless of ethnic or other
commonalities. The two-nation theory was a
founding principle of the Pakistan Movement (i.e.
the ideology of Pakistan as a Muslim nation-state in
South Asia), and the partition of India in 1947.
 Two-Nation Theory
•  The ideology that religion is the determining factor
in defining the nationality of Indian Muslims is also
a source of inspiration to several Hindu nationalist
organizations, with causes as varied as the
redefinition of Indian Muslims as non-Indian
foreigners in India, the expulsion of all Muslims
from India, establishment of a legally Hindu state in
India, prohibition of conversions to Islam, and the
promotion of conversions or reconversions of
Indian Muslims to Hinduism.
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan & two nation theory

• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first Muslim leader

who presented the idea of ‘Two Nation Theory’; he
was the pioneer of the ‘Two Nation Theory’. Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan first used the word ‘Two Nations’ for
Hindus and Muslims.
• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was convinced by the hatred of
Congress and Hindus towards the Muslims that both
nations cannot stay unite in the single country and
the future of the Muslims will safe only if they have
their own separate country.
 Mohammad Ali Jinnah
• Mohammad Ali Jinnah was born on December 25th,1876
in Karachi. He came from a family of Gujarati Khoja
Muslims. He was a very able scholar and at the age of 15
was sent to London to study law. In England he attended
debates at the house of commons and it is here that his
interest in politics first developed
• He made a unique contribution to the Pakistan movement
in that he not only played a central part in bringing about
the agreement with the British which resulted in the
creation of Pakistan, but he was the first governor-general
of the new country.
 Allama Iqbal
• Allama Iqbal was a great national poet,
philosopher and a great thinker by the help of
his poetry he tried to awaken the Muslims of
the sub-continent. He believed the separate
identity of Muslims as a nation.
 Chaudry Rehmat Ali
• Chaudry Rahmat Ali who was the founder of
word Pakistan. Form his early childhood,
Rahmat Ali showed signs of great promise as a
student. After completing his schooling, he
joined the Islamia College Lahore in order to
get his bachelor of Arts degree. Rahmat Ali
finished education in England, obtaining MA
and LLB with honors form the universities of
Cambridge and Dublin.
 Chaudry Rehmat Ali
• It is the ever shining contribution of Rahmat-
Ali that he coined the name of the Muslim
state. He said that being nation, the Indian
Muslims deserved a separate homeland.
 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Bahadur was born in Delhi, then the capital
of the Mughal Empire. His family is said to have migrated from
Herat (now in Afghanistan)in the time of emperor Akbar, although
by other accounts his family descended from Arabia. Many
generations of his family had since been highly connected with the
Mughal administration.

• Sir Syed, was an Indian educator and politician, and an Islamic

reformer and modernist. Sir Syed pioneered modern education for
the Muslim community in India by founding the Muhammedan
Anglo-Oriental College, which later developed into the Aligarh
Muslim University. His work gave rise to a new generation of
Muslim intellectuals and politicians who composed the Aligarh
movement to secure the political future of Muslims in India.
 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
• Born into Mughal nobility, Sir Syed earned a reputation as a
distinguished scholar while working as a jurist for the British East
India Company. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he remained
loyal to the British and was noted for his actions in saving
European lives.

• After the rebellion he penned the booklet Asbab-e-Bhaghawath-

e-Hind (The Causes of the Indian Mutiny) a daring critique, at the
time, of British policies that he blamed for causing the revolt.
Believing that the future of Muslims was threatened by the
rigidity of their orthodox outlook, Sir Syed began promoting
Western-style scientific education by founding modern schools
and journals and organizing Muslim intellectuals.
 SLO’S
• To recall and indicate students a historical
perspective regarding government, politics,
contemporary Pakistan, and understand the
ideological background of Pakistan.