Ability in The Past: Chapter 5: Screen Time

Chapter 5: Screen Time
ABILITY IN THE
PAST
CONSIST OF:
01 Could
02 Was/were able to
03 Managed to
04 Succeeded in
Rules
1. To talk about ability generally in the past we use “could/couldn’t”
2. To talk about ability at specific moments in the past, we use
- (was/were able to)
- (managed + to infinitive)
- (succeeded in + gerund)
3. To talk about a lack of ability at specific moments in the past, we use:

- couldn’t
- wasn’t or weren’t
General ability
EXAMPLEs We usually use could or couldn't to talk about

general abilities in the past.
She could paint before she started school.
I couldn't cook until I went to university.
When I lived next to the pool, I could go swimming
every day.
Ability on one occasion – successful

When we talk about achieving something on a specific
occasion in the past, we use:
was/were able to (= had the ability to) and managed to
(= succeeded in doing something difficult).
The burglar was able to get in through the bathroom
window.
The burglar managed to get in through the bathroom
window even though it was locked.
Could is not usually correct when we're talking about
ability at a specific moment in the past.
Ability on one occasion – unsuccessful
When we talk about a specific occasion when someone didn't have the ability to do something,
we can use:
wasn't/weren't able to, didn't manage to or couldn’t.
The speaker wasn't able to attend the conference due to illness.
She couldn't watch the match because she was working.
They worked on it for months but they didn't manage to find a solution.
Note that wasn't/weren't able to is more formal than couldn't, while didn't manage to
emphasises that the thing was difficult to do.
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Chapter 5: Screen Time

3. To talk about a lack of ability at specific moments in the past, we use:

EXAMPLEs We usually use could or couldn't to talk about

Ability on one occasion – successful

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