MANDIBULA ANATOMY

source: Current Concepts in the Mandibular Condyle Fracture

Management Part I: Overview of Condylar Fracture (APS)
Bagian dan Batasan Tulang Mandibula
• Mandibula merupakan tulang monostotic terkeras diantara tulang – tulang wajah yang
merupakan U-shaped long bone.
• Mandibula terdiri atas
• Area dengan gigi
• Area tanpa gigi
• Mandibula terdiri atas (most clinically useful classification)
• Simpisis
• Parasimpisis
• Body / Corpus
• Angle
• Ramys
• Condylar process
• Coronoid process
• Alveolar process
BATASAN ANATOMIS
• Simpisis dan parasimpisis  area di antara gigi caninus
• Body / corpus  area dari caninus sampe second molar
• The angle and ramus  area setelah molar ketiga selain prosesus
condylar dan coronoid
• Mandibular condyle terdiri atas  Condylar process and head of
mandible
• The condylar process and head subunit consists of the head, neck,
and subcondylar area.
• These are three height level lines that divide the subunit, and define
the boundary.
• The three height level lines consist of an extension line that is parallel
tothe posterior border of the mandible, an extension line that
parallelly heads for the perpendicular from the deepest area of the
sigmoid notch, and an extension line that is inferior to the condylar
head lateral pole.
• The condylar head refers to an area that is superior to the extension line that
is inferior to the condylar head lateral pole.
• The condylar neck refers to an area between the extension line that is inferior
to the condylar head lateral pole and the extension line that parallelly heads
for the perpendicular from the deepest area of the sigmoid notch.
• The condylar neck is divided into the high level and low level, and the
reference line dividing them is an extension line that is positioned in the
middle of the sigmoid notch line and the lateral pole line of the head (Fig. 1).
• The subcondylar area refers to an area that is inferior to the extension line
that parallelly heads for the perpendicular from the deepest area of the
sigmoid notch.
TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT
• The mandibular condyle forms articulation with the mandibular fossa
of the temporal bone, which is called temporo mandibular joint.
OCLUSION
• Occlusion is intercuspation between the teeth. It is divided into static
occlusion without jaw movement and functional or dynamic
occlusion with jaw movement.
• Static occlusion may depending on condyle position
• Centric occlusion (CO)  hubungan antar gigi tanpa memandang
posisi condylus
• Centric relation occlusion (CRO)  oklusi pada posisi condyle yang
stabil dan dapat direproduksi tanpa interupasi
• CO = CRO  ideal occlusion
MENTAL FORAMEN  MENTALE
NERVE
• Located midway between alveolar and basal
border of the mandible and is usually below
or slightly anterior to the second bicuspid
tooth (premolar) (surgical approach of facial
skeleton)

• The bony foramen is usually positioned at a

vertical height midway between the alveolar
and basal border of the mandibular body just
below the apices of the premolars. In the
sagittal plane the mental foramen is located
at a level projecting between the tips of the
first and the second premolar. (AO)
Batas alveolar dan mandibula