Spatial Decision Support System

(parallel with the concept of DSS)

Decision Support System

 Application for analyzing large

quantities of data and performing a
wide variety of calculations and
projections
Spatial Decision Support System-Defining
Features
An interactive and computer-based system.

Designed to assist the spatial planner with guidance in makin

land use decisions.

Example: decision to build a new airport.

Most effective decision path.

How Spatial Analysis Helps in
Decision Support Systems??
 Effectiveness of decision making
Incorporating the decision maker judgments
and computer-based programs into the
decision-making process
 Decision support

Helping the users to explore the decision

problem in an interactive and recursive
fashion in all phases of the decision-making
process.
Historical Background

 IBM'sGeodata Analysis and Display

System (GADS) - developed in the
1970s - was one of the earliest large
DSS
Policy Support System:

An sDSS is sometimes referred to as a

“Policy Support System”.
Components Of An sDSS

A DBMS-A standalone system

for this is called a GIS

A Library Of Potential Models-used

to forecast the possible outcomes of
decisions

An Interface- to aid the users

interaction and assisting in
analysis of outcomes
The DDM Paradigm
Capabilities Of A Well Designed SDSS

Dialog Data Modeling

DGMS DBMS MBMS

managing managing the managing
interface geographic the model
database base
WORKING OF sDSS

 Exists in the form of a computer model.

 Two types of techniques used:

Cellular Automata based models
Agent based models
WORKING Cont..

 Uses a variety of spatial and non-spatial

information.

 Investigates the effects of different scenarios.

 Provides information to make informed

decisions.

 An interface allows for simple modifications

to be made.
EXAMPLES
Community Viz

 Works as an extension to ArcGIS

Geographic Information System
software produced by ESRI.

 Uses a scenario planning approach.

 Commercially available since 2001.

Environment Explorer

 Modeled Variables
 Land Use
 Effects On Social
 Economic
 Ecological Indicators

 Primary Goal:
“To Explore Future Developments , combining
autonomous developments with alternative policy
options, in relation to the quality of environment
in which the inhabitants live.”
 FOCUS:
 Relations between the CAP and
landscape changes
 Emphasizes the spatio-temporal
dimension of the former
The Core of The Model
“ A Dynamic cellular automata based land
use model”
 The Aim:
“To provide a spatial planning tool that can be used
for assessing, monitoring and modeling the
development of urban and regional
environments.”

Work Includes
 Computation Of Indicators
 Assessment of the impact of anthropogenic
stress factors in and around urban areas and
along development corridors
MURBANDY

 Objective:
“To provide datasets to study past and
current land uses, to develop an Earth
Observation based procedure to monitor the
dynamics of European cities.”

Initially covered 5 European countries ,

but now the project has expanded into
THE MOLAND project.
Concluding Remarks
Thank You