Glass Fiber &

Application
1 • Concept

2 • Classification

3 • Glass fiber Processing

4 • Glass fiber Application in TICV

Prepare by Do Viet Hai

R&D Section – QC/R&D Department
 1. Concepts
• Glass fiber is pulled from able pulled glass fiber, have small diameter
about several tens micrometre. This glass fiber will lose weak points
of block glass as: brittle, crack and become more mechanical
advantage.

• Glass fiber consist of major composition is Silicon, besides adding

mineral as: Aluminum, Magnesium, … to make different glass fiber.

• Advantage: High conductivity electricity - electrical insulation, Good

chemical resistance, High mechanical of materials.

• Glass fiber using in TICV’s production belong to E-GLASS –

Alumina-calcium-borosilicate glasses with a maximum alkali
content of 2 wt. % used as general purpose fibers where
strength and high electrical resistivity are required. Primarily
used for electrical applications.
2. Classification
Fiber geometry

Continuous Discontinuous
a. Discontinuos (fibers are chopped and dispersed in matrix resin)
b. Continuous (fibers are throughout structure with no break points)
3. Glass Fiber Processing

Raw
Batching Melting
materials

Fiberizatio
Drying Sizing n

Packagin
g
 3.1. Raw Materials

Major Other
Silica (Glassmaking sand) Calcined Alumina (China Clay)
Calcium oxide (Limestone) Borax
Soda Ash Feldspar
Waster glass (cullet) Magnesia
…

3.2. Batching
• Batching - The individual components are weighed and
delivered to a blending station where the batch ingredients are
thoroughly mixed before being transported to the furnace.
• Materials are added to add additional properties.
3.3. Melting
 Glass fiber furnaces typically are viewed as consisting of three
sections:
- Melting (≈)
The batch is melted, removal of gaseous inclusions and
homogenization.
- Refining (≈)
- Cooling (fore-hearths)
The fore-hearths are designed to further cool and maintain the
molten glass close to the fiberizing temperature and distribute it
to the individual fiber-forming positions (bushings).
 3.4. Fiberization
 • Extrusion (≈ )
- The molten glass flow through brushing with a large number of
holes or tips (200-10.000 cylindrical tips 1-2 mm diameter).
• Attenuation
- A rotating drum or take-up wheel or highspeed winder below
the brushing pulls the fibers with 450 – 4500 m/min. The
individual filaments are rapid cooled by a factor of and
“attenuated” or elongated.
- The fiber diameter decreases by a factor of 100-300. Diameter
fiber is about 4μm to 34μm.

Molten glass flowing through bushings

 3.5. Sizing (a.k.a Coating)
A sizing is then applied to the surface of the fibers by passing them
over an applicator. Sizings on glass fibers are supposed to provide
a variety of attributes including lubricity and strand integrity to
enable high-speed processing, as well as compatibility with specific
matrix resins to promote strength and durability in the end-use
requirements.
3.6. Drying
Glass fiber are classified and delivered into Oven.
3.7. Packaging
Glass fiber are packaged as different production.
4. Glass fiber Application in TICV
TICV
GF ECS03 T-249 GF ECS03 T-480 GF ECS305-3-K

Manufacturer Nippon Electric Nippon Electric CPIC

Glass Glass

Application X533H A1A3301 PP COMP Testing

G402H A1A3301 0VA191 BLK
X7744 A1A3301
4.1. Chemical component ( According to MSDS)
Type of GF ECS03 T- GF ECS03 T-480 GF ECS305-3-K
Glass fiber 249

52-56 52-56

12-16 12-16
CaO 16-25 16-25
Component

MgO 0-5 0-5

No infomation
0-10 5-10
+

0-2 0-2
 4.2. Characteristic
Glass Fiber Unit GF ECS03 T-249 GF ECS03 T-480 GF ECS305-3-K

Type Chopped Strand Chopped Strand Chopped Strand

Filament Diameter μm 13.0 ± 1.0 13.0 ± 1.0 13 ± 1

Strand Length mm 3.0 ± 1.0 3.0 ± 1.0 3±1

Loss on Ignition % 0.60 ± 0.20 0.50 ± 0.15 0.50 ± 0.10

Characteristic

Moisture Content % Max. 0.10 Max. 0.10 ≤ 0.05

Melting point ºC
(Softening point) ~ 840 ~ 840 > 800

Specific Gravity (
~ 2.6 ~ 2.6 2.54

Solubility (in
water) Insoluble Insoluble Insoluble

Colour White White White