Ethnic divide in

Pakistan
Ethnicity

– Ethnicity is a term that describes shared culture—

the practices, values, and beliefs of a group. This
might include shared language, religion, and
traditions, among other commonalities.
 Ethnic conflict

Ethnic conflict is a form of conflict in which the goals of at least one party are
defined in ethno-linguistic terms and  the conflict is usually not about ethnic
differences themselves but over political, economic, social, cultural or
territorial matters.
Examples of ethnic conflicts

– Separation of Bangladesh
– The conflict in Balochistan
– Tussle between Sindhi and Mahajir in Sindh province
– Pashtun separatist movement
– Shia, Ahmadi and Hazara killings
Causes of Ethnic conflicts

– Social inequality
– Political systems leading to grievances and non-representation
– Stratification of power and resources
– Sectarianism and doctrinal disputes
– Exclusion
– Ethnocentrisms
– Linguistic divide
Solution?

– Social justice
– Assimilation to avoid fragmentation
– Political stability
– Integration
– Role of media
References

– Little, W. (2014, November 6). Chapter 11. Race and Ethnicity. Opentextbc.ca;

Bccampus https://opentextbc.ca/introductiontosociology/chapter/chapte r11-
race-and-ethnicity/#:~:text=Ethnicity%20is%20a%20term%20that
– Culture - Islamic Republic of Pakistan. (n.d.). Sites.google.com. Retrieved April 5,
2021, from https://sites.google.com/a/richland2.org/phillips---
pakistan/culture?tmpl=%2Fsystem%2Fapp%2Ftemplates%2Fprint%2F&sh
owPrintDialog=1
– Report of Asia Foundation 2018
– Human right commission report 2019