TANNINS

• Secondary metabolites present in cell sap

& vacuoles
• Precipitate proteins
• Astringent, Mild antiseptic
• Serves as vitamins, hormones
• Poly phenols - O dihydroxy, O trihydroxy
& Phenyl ring
 Identification Test
• With Fecl3 – Bluish black
• With K2Cr2O7 – Precipitate
Gold Beaters Test:
• Membranes of intestine of Ox & Hcl
treated & washed & placed in tannin soln.
5min. Washed add Feso4
• Gives black colour due to tannin
 Classification
Hydrolysable Tannin Condensed Tannin
• Gallic acid, Ellagic acid • Non hydrolyzed tannins
• With Fecl3 – Blue • Derivatives of flavones,
Catachin
Colour
• Due to enzyme hydrolysis
• With water – Gallic acid or mineral acids gives
or Ellagic acid Phlobaphenes. On
converted into distillation gives Catechol
pyrogallol • Catechol with FeCl3 –
• Eg:- Rhubarb, Amla, Brownish green
Clove, pomegranate, • Eg:- Black catachu, Pale
tannic acid, Arjuna. catachu, Asoka bark
Pseudo Tannins
• Separate type of tannin
• Not answer Gold beaters test
• Eg:- Chlorogenic acid in coffee,
Nuxvomica, Ipecac
• With H2o + NH3 gives green colour.
 Black catechu

• B.S: Aqueous extract of heartwood of

Acacia catechu
• Family:Leguminosae
Manufacture:
• Heart wood is boiled with earthen vessel
• Fired by sapwood till soluble portion is
extracted.
• Cool content -semisolid –Cutch
 Manufacture:
• Transfer to rectangular pits at the bottom of
sand and clay for several days.
• Semisolid mass absorbed by clay. –Kattha
• Taken out and moulded into blocks.
• Modern method:
• By removing bark ,sapwood cut into chips
• Steam passed into extractor, centrifuge,
isolate cake of kattha.
• Mother liquid concentrated cool gives Cutch
Description
• Light brown or black astrigent ,cube-debris
vegetable .
Chemical Constituents
• Acacatechin,Quercetin
Use:
• Astrigent, boils treatment, ulcer, cough, diarrhoea.
Chemical test:
1.vanillin+HCL gives pink
2.Lime water gives brown colour
3.Ferric ammonium sulphate gives green. Then add
NaOH gives purple.
 Pale catechu
• B.S: Aqueous extract of leaves and young
shoots of Uncaria gambier
• Family: Rubiaceae
Cultivation collection
• Damp soil
• Seed propagation
• Nursery bed raised after 9 month seedling
transplant to open field.
• First harvest at 2 metres yield gives upto 20
yrs
 Cultivation collection
• Leaves young shoot are boiled inpot called
Cauldron for 3 hrs.
• Decoction concentrated till pasty yellowish
green colour mass is moulded in cubes
and dried.
Description:
• reddish brown porous,broken,
• no odour
• astright tastes. bitter and sweet.
Chemical Constituents
• Catechin, catechutannic acid
Use:
• Astrigent,
• Ulcer,cough, diarrhoea
Chemical test:
1.Extract with alcohol and add NaOH and
pet.ether gives green flouresence
2.Chloroform extract gives green yellow colour
due to chlorophyll
3.vanillin+HCL gives pink colour.
 Pterocarpus

synonym:
• Bijasal,Indian kino tree, Malabar kino,
Asana, Rakta chandan
Biological Source
• Dried juice of pterocarpus marsupium
• Family: Leguminosae
Geographical Source:
• M.P,U.P, Assam,Bihar, Orissa.
 Description
• organoleptic characters:ruby red
• odourless
• astringent
• 3 to 5 to 10mm granules
• shape:angular grains
• partly soluble in water,soluble in alcohol.
Chem.constituents:
• pyrocatechin,kinotannic acid,kino red,kinoin
Use:
• astringent,dirrhoea and dysentery,haemorrhage , tooth ache
• alcoholic and aqueous extract heartwood possess
hypoglycemic action.
 Chemical Test

• Drug +ferrous sulphate gives green colour

• Add KOH gives violet colour