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漢字的介紹

Hàn zì de jiè shào

Introduction of
Chinese characters
What difference between Chinese characters and
Western scripts?
漢字和西方文字有什麽不一樣 ?
Hàn zì hàn xī fang wén zì yǒu shé me bù yí yang ?
漢字又叫方塊字( square words)
hàn zì yòu jiào fang kuài zì

Chinese writing: writing in horizontal


columns and vertical columns

Chinese sentences cab be written from


right to left or left to right
There are different meanings by one sentence
based on the context
中文字可以直書也可以橫書
zhōng wén zì kě yǐ zhí shū yě kě yǐ héng shū

橫書 直書
héng shū Zhí shū
中文字可以左右讀
zhōng wén zì kě yǐ zuǒ yòu dú

tài tai pà wǒ
中文字組合有不一樣的意思
Zhōng wén zì zǔ hé yǒu duō zhǒng yì si

喜歡上一個人 xǐ huān shàng yí ge rén


Can you translate this Chinese sentence to English?

How many meanings of the sentence above do you think?


There are more than 3 meanings of this sentence :

1. Like someone 喜歡上一個人


喜歡 , 上一個
2. Like the last one 人
喜歡上 , 一個
3. Like to be alone 人
中文字體的演化 (Chinese characters’ evolution)
zhōng wén zì tǐ de yǎn huà

These Chinese characters are not only different in font style, but also
official Chinese characters in different periods.
The evolution of Chinese characters
C
A
B

D
E
中文字體的演進順序
zhōng wén zì tǐ de yǎn biàn shun xù


甲骨文 A → 金文 F → 大篆 B
jiǎ gǔ wén → jīn wén → dà zhuàn

→ 小篆 D→ 隸書 E→ 楷書 C
xiǎo zhuàn→ lì shū → kǎi shū
書寫工具與字體的演化 The evolution of writing tools and fonts
shū xiě gōng jù yǔ zì tǐ de yǎn huà
金文
甲骨文
小篆
jiǎ gǔjīn
wénwén
xiǎo zhuàn 大篆 dà zhuàn
隸書
lì shū

楷書
kǎi shū
漢 hàn 字 zì 的 de 造 zào 字 zì 方 fang 法

Six methods of making Chinese characters

一、象形字
xiàng xíng zì

pictogram

rén




shuǐ



huǒ







jīn
Circle the character which matches the
English word

日 月 入 人 全 金
moon People gold

水 川 火 光 山 土
water Fire Soil/earth
niǎo yáng yú xiàng niú

象 魚 鳥 牛 羊
 ideographic ( 指事  zhǐshì)  express an abstract idea through
an iconic form

Character
一 二 三 上 下 本 末
Pinyin yī èr sān shàng xià běn mò

Translation one two three up below root apex


Dāo

一、象形字
xiàngxíng zì
pictogram
rèn
 ideographic
 ( 指事  zhǐshì) 
express an abstract idea through
an iconic form
Big /
Large
compound ideographs ( 會意  huìyì)


compound ideographs ( 會意  huìyì)

日 月 明 bright

míng
光明 明天
Guāng míng míng tiān
zhuī

象形字 
xiàngxíng zì
pictogram
zhī

隻 會意 
huìyì
compound pictogram

一隻鳥
隻 Yī zhī niǎo
shuāng

雙 會意 
huìyì

一雙鞋
yī shuāng xié



好 好
字 字
fēn
會意 
huìyì
分開
separate
fēnkāi
share
分享
fēnxiǎng

分手
fēnshǒu
break up
  phono-semantic compounds ( 形聲  xíngshēng)
semantic Phonetic Compound

氵 木
mù "to wash
water mù oneself"
氵 林 淋
water lín lín "to pour"

semantic Phonetic Compound


扌 白 拍
hand bái pāi "to clap, to hit"
穴 九 究
to dig into jiǔ jiū "to investigate"
日 央 映
sun yāng yìng "reflection"


晴 qíng



qīn
qīn
g
g

晴天 Clear day
Qíng tiān

清 qīng


qīn
g

大清早Early
morning
dà qīng zǎo
我喜歡在大清早的時候慢跑
wǒ xǐ huān zài dà qīng zǎo de shíhòu màn pǎo

鯖 qīng


請 qǐng

請客 My treat
qǐng kè
A: jīntiān shì nǐ de shēngrì , nǐ
xiǎng chī shénme ? 我請客 wǒ qǐngkè

B: 真的嗎 ? 我想喝珍珠奶茶
______ 。
Zhēn de ma ? Wǒ xiǎng hēZhēn
﹍﹍﹍﹍zhū nǎi chá

睛 jīng

眼睛 eyes
Yǎn jīng

qíng
鯖魚 鯖 晴
qīng qíng

qīng

請 睛
請客 qǐng jīng

qīng

bāo

shu
ǐ



o

Bāo

take a bath

泡澡 pào zǎo
泡溫泉
pào wēn quán

Zuì jìn tài lěng le , wǒ xiǎng qù


最近太冷了,我想去
泡溫泉 。
__________
pào wēn quán
泡咖啡
pào kā fēi

你會不會 泡咖啡
________?
Nǐ huì bú huì



o

Bāo

Jogging
慢跑
Màn pǎo

hu
ǒ



o

Bāo

firecracker

鞭炮 biān
pào
放鞭炮 set off firecrackers
Fàng biān pào
Zhōng guó xīn nián dà jiā dōu xǐ huān

中國新年大家都喜歡
放鞭炮 。
__________

shǒ
u



o

Bāo

hug

擁抱
yong3bao4

shí



o

Bāo

full

太飽
___
bǎ o

ròu


Bāo

Bāo

twins

雙 胞 胎
bāo

bāo

飽 bǎo

抱 bào 胞 bāo

跑 pǎo 炮 pào
泡 pào
剪紙
jiǎn zhǐ

Paper Cutting
Let’s practice chūn =spring


2
3

4 5
8 7
6
9
Paper Cutting
jiǎn chūn:
What we need:
 1. zhǐ 紙 (paper)

 2. Jiǎn dāo 剪刀 (Scissor)

3. qiān bǐ 鉛筆 (pencil)

 4. Jiāo shuǐ (Glue)

 5. měi gōng dāo (Utility knife)


zhǐ qiān bǐ

jiǎ n dāo
jiāo shuǐ
jiǎ n zhǐ
Měi gōng dāo
(paper)
(Scissor)

(pencil) (Glue)

(paper (Utility
cutting / cut knife)
paper)
Get a square paper
拿一張紙 ná yí zhāng zhǐ
Fold the paper in half
把紙對摺 bǎ zhǐ duì zhé
Draw the Patterns
畫春字形 huà chūn zì xíng
Draw the Pattern on paper
Draw the pattern on
paper, then cut off the
specified parts Cut

Cut
Cut

Cut
Cut

Cut

Cut
Cut
Fold the paper in half along the dotted line.
Turn the paper Fold
over it diagonally

Turn the paper over You've got a triangle

Grab both sides and push inward

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