FLOCCULATION AND

COAGULATION
 FLOCCULATION &
COAGULATION
R E M O VA L O F T U R B I D I T Y F R O M WAT E R
 TURBID WATER
• Suspended solid matter
in water of different
sizes
• Large matters are heavy
enough to settle rapidly
onto bottom
Source: • Small particles settle
http://www.nihonsolid.co.jp/B8photo2.
JPG
very slowly or not at all
• Untreated, only a
portion can be removed
FLOCCULATION & COAGULATION

• Coagulant
• chemicals to neutralize the electrical charges of the fine particles in the
water, allowing the particles to come closer together and form large
clumps

• Flocculation
• a process of contact and adhesion whereby the particles of a dispersion
form larger-size clusters
• gentle mixing that brings fine particles formed by coagulation into
contact with each other
 FLOC

• End-product of the flocculation/coagulation process

• Clumps of impurities, bacteria, etc come together to form
clusters
• Settle into sediments
 VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5uuQ77vAV_U
 INSTRUCTIONS

• Pour raw water beaker

• Add coagulant into beaker
• Stir
• Allow floc to settle
• Measure turbidity in NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit)
• Nephelometer
• measures how much light is scattered by suspended particles in water
• The higher the NTU, the more turbid the water