OMF000601 GSM RN Optimization ISSUE1.4

Internal
OMF000601 GSM RN
Optimization
ISSUE1.4 www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

Chapter 1 Concept of RN optimization
Chapter 2 KPI of radio network
Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization
Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles
Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction
Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization
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Concept of RN Optimization
 Radio network optimization means network performance

improvement utilizing existing network resources.
 Steps in general
− Data collection and verification

− Data analysis
− Parameter and hardware adjustment
− Optimization result confirm and reporting
 The purpose is increasing the utilization of network resources
and solving the existing and potential problem on the network,
identifying solutions for future network planning.

Capacity
Quality Coverage
Optimize

 Due to the mobility of subscribers and complexity of radio wave

propagation, most of network problems are caused by
increasing subscribers and the changing environments.
 RN Optimization is a continuous process that is required as the
network evolves

 In the following case, the network should be optimized
 New network or expansion on existing network

 The network quality decreased seriously and there are
many complaints from subscribers.
 An event occurs suddenly which affects the network
performance seriously.
 The number of subscribers increased and affects the
network performance gradually.

• Input for Optimization
CUSTOMER
COMPLAINTS
OPTIMIZE
TRAFFIC DRIVE
STATISTICS TEST


KPI of Radio Network
 KPI (KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS)

 Indicates overall performance of network over a period of time
 Good way to monitor network trends and anticipate future
problems
 Data obtained from drive test and traffic statistics

KPI of Radio Network
 Typical Radio Network KPI
KPI Parameter Source

Call Drop Rate OMC/Drive test
Congestion Rate Drive test
BTS1
Handover Success Rate OMC/Drive test
Busy Hour Traffic OMC
TCH Utilization OMC BTS3 BTS2
Call Setup success rate OMC/Drive test

Coverage Drive test BTS4
Quality Drive test


Flow Chart of Network Optimization


Parameter Adjustment Principles
 Parameter adjustment procedure
MONITOR IDENTIFY
EFFECT PROBLEM
MAKE
MAKE
CHANGES
CHANGES
 Parameter Types
Radio Parameters Engineering Parameters
Handover Antenna
Parameters D-tilt
Handover Handover Antenna Antenna
Parameters Parameters
Height Orientation

 Adjustment of cell data parameters
 Adjust the cell parameters according to the features of

actual radio channel traffic and signaling load. The
parameters are for cell select,cell reselect,call setup,
handover etc, so as to improve the overall network
performance and service quality to the end user.
 Another basic principle of radio parameter adjustment is to
maximize the current network resource, traffic sharing in the
the whole network, increase the utilization of the equipment,
so as to increase the profit-investment ratio.

 According to the feature of problem to be solved, there are two

types of radio parameter adjustment.
 Solve static problems: Analyze the average traffic and
signaling flows of the network and solve the network
problems that existed long time
 Solve traffic overload and congestion problems during
some special period caused by special events.


Driving Test Tools
 The following are the frequently used drive test tools:
 TEMS and GIMS

 Ant Pilot and GSM 2000
 SAFCO Walkabout & SAFCO OPAS
 TS9951
 NEPTUNE

Driving Test Tools
 Drive test Tool application
 Identify specific problems in the network
 Attend to customer complaints
 Perform network benchmarking with other operators
 Collect periodic network data for reporting
 Check coverage in new areas

Driving Test Tools
 Example: Drive test data

Signaling Analyzer
 Signaling analyzer
 In real time, MA-10 signaling analyzer can trace A-bis interf

ace signaling message, A-G interface signaling message, S
S7 signaling message of ISUP, TUP and INAP, and also bit
error rate of transmission system.
 For further analysis the signaling message files can be save
d during online tracing, then they can be opened for analysi
s at anytime.

Spectrum Analyzer
 Spectrum analyzer
 The spectrum analyzer is mainly used to test the

characteristics of frequency, including spectrum, power of
the adjacent channel, and frequency scanning etc.

OMC Traffic Statistics
 OMC
 Provides flexible means to record different information from

the network
 Able to sample large amounts of data to give a better
picture of the network on a longer period of time

OMC Traffic Statistics
BSC performance measurement functions
High drop rate List of alarm

List of alarm High block rate
TCH statistics Drop measure
Rx_q & Rx_l measure Drop call measure

Low HO suc rate List of alarm
List of alarm Hardware Conk out

HO measurement TCH statistics
Incoming cell HO
Rx_q & Rx_l measure balance between UL & DL
Outgoing cell HO
Signalling test instrument


Common Problems of RN Optimization
 The three most important performance criterias are coverage, c

apacity quality. they mainly correspond to the following network
problems:
 Coverage
 Congestion
 Interference
 Handover
 TCH call drop
 Dual-band network traffic distribution

Common Problems --Coverage
 Coverage
 Coverage hole
− Coverage hole may exist when coverage areas of two

BTS do not overlap or there are some big obstacles in
the coverage area, this lead to no signal or very poor
signal level.
 Over shooting
− In the actual network, the high BTS antenna can

propagate far away along a road and serve in area
which it’s not suppose to serve in; which result in the
"isolate Island" problem.

 Check and solve the coverage problem:
 Power control measurement Function ( Statistics)

 Receiving Level Measurement Function ( Statistics)
 Cell Measurement Function ( Statistics)
 Inter-cell Handover Measurement Function ( Statistics)

 Check the coverage problem:
 Call Drop Measurement Function ( Statistics)

 Defined Adjacent Measurement Function (Statistics)
 Undefined Adjacent Measurement Function ( Statistics)
 Outgoing Inter Cell Handover Measurement Function ( Statistics)
 Rx Level data ( Drive test)

 Coverage Problem Solution:
 Adjust Radio parameters

 Adjust antenna parameters
 Use booster, low loss combiner and tower mount amplifier
 Add new site (last resort)

Common Problems --Capacity
 Capacity
 TCH congestion
− Check TCH congestion rate: attempted TCH seizers failure for all (n
o radio resource available ) on OMC traffic statistics data, or compa
re the busy hour traffic of each cell with the calculated capacity in dif
ferent GoS to judge the situation of traffic congestion .
 Traffic balance
− Adjust the antenna height, downtilt, and change the TX power of BT

S and MS.
− Adjust parameters for cell selection, cell reselection and handover
− Enable load handover and direct retry functions.

Common Problems --Interference
 How to locate the interference
 Interference band in TCH Measurement Function ( Statistic

s)
 Receiving Level Measurement Function ( Statistics)
 Rx_Qual ( Drive test)

 How to locate the interference
 Ratio of handovers for uplink/downlink quality ( Statistics)

 Receiving Quality Measurement (Statistics)
 Call drop measurement function ( Statistics)
 Too many handover failure and reestablishment failures ( Statistics)

 Check and solve the interference problems
 Check the place with interference and conversation quality by drive test.
 Use spectrum analyzer to find out the interference in the frequency band.
 Enable frequency hopping, DTX and power control functions.
 Check and eliminate equipment problems (if any).

 Means to decrease the interference :
 Increase the reuse distance between the co-frequency and

adjacent frequencies.
 Decrease the transmitting power of BTS.
 Adjust the antenna height, azimuth, down-tilt.
 Use the anti-interference technologies, such as frequency
hopping, power control, DTX, and so on.

Common Problems --Handover
 Common handover problems:
 Handover failure and handover delay lead to bad quality or

call drop.
 Frequent handover decreases the conversation quality and
increases system signaling load.
 Unreasonable proportion of outgoing inter-cell handover to
incoming inter-cell handover results in imbalanced traffic.

 Check and solve handover problems:
 Check the handover parameters (OMC)

 Inter-cell Handover Measurement Function (Statistics)
 Undefined Adjacent Cell Measurement Function (Statistics)
 Outgoing Inter Cell Handover Measurement Function (Statistics)
 Incoming Inter Cell Handover Measurement Function (Statistics)
 TCH Measurement Function (Statistics)

 Causes of abnormal handover and solutions:
 The outgoing inter cell handover threshold is too low.

 The adjacent cells is congested.
 There are undefined adjacent cells relationship.
 The handover hysteresis and handover priority are not reasonable.
 The handover statistics times N and P are not set reasonable.
 In HCS network coexisting with other vendor’s cells, the external cel
l’s parameters (such as LAC, CI and BCCH) must be corrected.

Common Problems —Call Drop
 TCH call drop

 During the GSM network operation, call drop is the main reason
the subscribers complain. It usually refers to the call dropped after
TCH channel seized or conversation connected, which can be
located via traffic statistics or drive test.
 There are many call drop causes. Such as poor signal strength,
interference and improper parameters.
 There are two important counters related call drop, radio link
timeout (RLT downlink) and SACCH multi-frame number (uplink)
sent in system information. These two counters should be set
properly according to the traffic and coverage.

Common Problems —Dual-band Network
 Optimization for dual-band network
 Take the following special approaches when optimize the dual-band

network, most of the approaches are same as single-band network
optimization:
− When GSM 900M and GSM 1800M network belong to a same LAC
the features of two network are basically same. Parameters such as
CRO can be set flexibly according to the traffic, thus can balance the
traffic and avoid cell congestion.
− When GSM 900M and GSM 1800M network has there own location
area code, CRH and CRO should be set properly to avoid frequent
location update.
− Adjust layer thresholds to balance traffic between GSM 900 and GSM
1800

Common Problems —Dual-band Network
 Dual band network optimization elements
Cell select Direct retry
Hand over
Idle mode Calling mode
Cell reselect Dedicate mode

Exercise
 Questions
 Please write down KPI for normal network

 Please write down the work flow for radio network
optimization
 How to do for traffic balance

Thank You
www.huawei.com

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

Chapter 2 KPI of radio network

Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization

Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles

Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction

Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2

 Radio network optimization means network performance

− Data collection and verification

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 3

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 4

 Due to the mobility of subscribers and complexity of radio wave

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 5

 In the following case, the network should be optimized

 New network or expansion on existing network

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 6

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 7

Chapter 2 KPI of radio network

Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization

Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles

Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction

Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 8

 KPI (KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS)

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 9

 Typical Radio Network KPI

KPI Parameter Source

Call Setup success rate OMC/Drive test

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 10

Chapter 2 KPI of radio network

Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization

Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles

Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction

Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 11

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 12

Chapter 2 KPI of radio network

Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization

Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles

Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction

Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 13

Radio Parameters Engineering Parameters

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 15

 Adjustment of cell data parameters

 Adjust the cell parameters according to the features of

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 16

 According to the feature of problem to be solved, there are two

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 17

Chapter 2 KPI of radio network

Chapter 3 Work flow of RN optimization

Chapter 4 Parameter adjustment principles

Chapter 5 RN optimization tools introduction

Chapter 6 Common problems of RN optimization

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 18

 The following are the frequently used drive test tools:

 TEMS and GIMS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 19

 Drive test Tool application

 Identify specific problems in the network

 Attend to customer complaints

 Perform network benchmarking with other operators

 Collect periodic network data for reporting