BY

N.CHANDRA SEKHAR
07481A0418

UNDER GUIDANCE OF

Mr. G.RAMA KRISHNA

CONTENTS
 Introduction

 The rise of robot police

 Sensors

 Actuators

 Commanding of Robots

 Conclusion

 References
Introduction
There is a wide range of use of robot like in
restaurant, in spying; in medical. It can be used in the
field of surveillance.

Now a days robots are highly used in military such as

bomb detection, terrorist identification. Some
intelligent robots are used even in wars also.
Capacities of a humanoid robot
• Self-maintenance
• Autonomous learning
• Avoiding harmful situations to people,

property, and itself

• Safe interacting with human beings and the
environment
The rise of robot police
USA:
• Uses in bomb disposal
• Police and SWAT (Special Weapons And Tactics)
teams using robots for a greater variety of dangerous
tasks

China:
• police robots for use at the Beijing Olympics in 2008.
• Some robots are developed such that citizens are
directly connected with police robots.

Japan:
• Used in patrolling shopping centres to monitor
unauthorised access.
Sensors
Touch

• In 2009, scientists developed a prosthetic hand, called

Smart Hand, which functions like a real one, allowing
patients to write with it, play piano and perform other fine
movements.

• The prosthesis has sensors which enable the patient to

sense real feeling in its fingertips.
Vision

• Computer vision systems rely on image sensors which detect

electromagnetic radiation which is typically in the form of either
visible light or infra-red light.

• The process by which light propagates and reflects off surfaces

is based on optics.

• Sophisticated image sensors even require quantum mechanics to

provide a complete understanding of the image formation process.
Types of Sensors

1. Proprioceptive sensors

2. Exteroceptive sensors
Proprioceptive sensors

• Proprioceptive sensors sense the position, the orientation and the speed of
the humanoid's body and joints.

• Humanoid robots use accelerometers to measure the acceleration, tilt sensors

to measure inclination
Exteroceptive sensors

• Exteroceptive sensors give the robot information about

the surrounding environment.

• Proximity sensors are used to measure the relative

distance (range) between the sensor and objects in the
environment.

• Tactile sensors also provide information about forces and

torques transferred between the robot and other objects.
Actuators
Actuators are the motors responsible for motion in the
robot.

Types:
• Electric
• Pneumatic
• Hydraulic
• Piezoelectric or ultrasonic
•Hydraulic and electric actuators have a very rigid behavior
and can only be made to act in a compliant manner through
the use of relatively complex feedback control strategies.

•Piezoelectric actuators generate a small movement with a

high force capability when voltage is applied.

•Ultrasonic actuators are designed to produce movements in

a micrometer order at ultrasonic frequencies (over 20 kHz).

•Pneumatic actuators operate on the basis of gas

compressibility.
Bimanual movements
• Bimanual movements in general form a large subset
of hand movements in which both hands move
simultaneously in order to do a task or imply a meaning.

• Scientists at Dublin City University have researched a

subset of human movements called bimanual
movements

• Understanding bimanual movements requires not only

computer vision and pattern recognition techniques but
also neuroscientific studies.
• Bimanual movement includes three fundamental
components.

• Low-level image processing to deal with sensory data,

intelligent hand tracking to recognize the left hand from the
right hand, and machine learning for understanding the
movements.
Components Assembled in robot
WEB CAM:

• Web cam will be mounted on the top of the robot and

it is free to rotate in 360 degrees in any direction.

• Webcams typically include a lens, an image sensor, and some support

electronics.

METAL DETECTOR:

• Metal detector is mounted on the lower part of robot.

• It can detect all the guns and other unwanted metals used by the terrorist
in the process of hostages etc.
Conclusion

• It decreases the human effort and carries their job in very

best manner.

• The development of police robotics would change the

nature of society and the way humans conduct their lives.

• It may be that with advanced technological crimes, more

dangerous armed criminal gangs, massively increased
terrorist and some future horrors that we cannot foresee,
society will be prepared to concede much of its current
liberty and privacy.
References
Journals and Papers

1. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation

Systems.
2.J. A. Adams, "Human-robot interaction design: Understanding user needs
and requirements," in Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 49th Annual
Meeting, 2005.

Websites

2.http://robotics.megagiant.com/history.html
3.http://www.gadgetrivia.com/8164-
best_robot_international_robot_exhibition.