BRANCHES OF

PHILOSOPHY
 Metaphysics
• meta - beyond
physikon - nature/physical
• investigates the fundamental
nature of reality, being and
existence.
 
 Cosmology
• kosmos - world or universe
logos - study of

• study of the universe or world including its

origin, dynamics and characteristics, as well
as the laws that govern its order.
• popularly known as the “theory of the
universe”
 Theodicy
• Theos - God
dike - right, just
• studies the nature, being,
goodness, and justice of God in
the light of reason alone
 Theodicy
• also God and man relationship
and other doctrines related to
divinity.

• known as “rational theology”,

because it uses reason to attain its
objectives.
Philosophical or Rational Psychology

• psyche - mind, soul, spirit,

logos - study of

• studies the nature and functioning

of the mind.
Philosophical or Rational Psychology

• otherwise known as the science of

behavior and the “theory of the
mind”
• deals with man as a dipartite
being, i.e., as a composite of body
and soul
 Logic
• logos -word or
logike - treatises or thought
• Science and art of correct
thinking
 Logic
• inquires into the nature and
problems of correct
thinking and orderly
reasoning.
• Man and Reason
Social or Political Philosophy
▪ is the philosophical search for
knowledge of the ultimate
foundation of the state, its
ideal form and its basic
power.

▪ Man and State

 Axiology
• axios - worth or value
• analyzes the meaning,
characteristic, origin,
types, criteria and
knowledge of values.
 Axiology
• seeks to understand the
nature of values and value
judgments.
• It is closely related to two
other realms of philosophy:
ethics and aesthetics.
 Aesthetics
• aisthetikos – sense of
perception
• studies beauty and the
art.
 Aesthetics
• Art - man’s creativeness/skills
in doing things beautifully.
• Beauty- quality attributed to
whatever pleases the beholder,
such as form, color, behavior.
 Ethics
• ethos - customs, manners
• investigates the right and wrong in
man’s behavior and the morality of
human acts and conducts.
• Man and Actions
 Epistemology
• Episteme - knowledge
logos - study of
• study of the origins, nature,
extent and the veracity (vera -
truth) reliability, truthfulness,
validity of knowledge.
 Epistemology
• Known as “theory of knowledge”
• Investigates different ways of
knowing, and whether there are
limits to knowing.
• Man and Knowledge
 Purpose of Philosophy
1. Enables us to understand
ourselves better.
2. Helps us understand others, our
fellowmen.
3. Helps us understand other ways
of thinking.
 Purpose of Philosophy
4. Helps us understand the world and our
place and role in it.

5. Helps us understand the significance,

meaning, value, and finality of human
life.

6. Helps us know and understand God in his

nature, essence activities and attributes.
 Purpose of Philosophy

Thus, philosophy enables us to

understand all things in
their ultimate causes,
reasons and principles
through our reasoning
faculty.