CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

CLASS XII GRAMMAR
SEMESTER 1
WISELY LEO CANDRA, S.S.

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Learning Objectives
To identify result and
01 condition clauses in conditional sentences.

02 To distinguish between the various types of

real and unreal conditional sentences.

03 To identify the main functions of real and

unreal conditional sentences.

04 To produce a variety of real and

unreal conditional sentences.

05 To explain how verb tense functions in real and

unreal conditional sentences.
TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
0 1 2 3

0 1 2 3
ZERO FIRST SECOND THIRD
CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL
The zero conditional The first conditional is The second The third
is used to make used to talk about conditional is used in conditional is used to
statements about the actions/events in the situations/actions in the talk about 'impossible'
real world, and often future which are likely present or future conditions. They are
refers to general truths, to happen or have a which are not likely to impossible because
such as scientific facts. real possibility of happen or are they happened in the
In these sentences, the happening. imaginary, past and we cannot
time is now or always hypothetical or change them.
and the situation is real impossible.
and possible.
ZERO CONDITIONAL
1. The structure of a zero conditional sentence

A zero conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an “if” clause

and a main clause (In most zero conditional sentences you can
use when or if and the meaning will stay the same.):

“if” clause main clause

If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.

If the “if” clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the “if” clause
comes second, there is no need for a comma:

main clause “if” clause

Water boils if you heat it to 100 degrees,
We use the same verb form in each part of a zero conditional: the simple present tense:

“if” clause if + subject + simple present verb

main clause subject + simple present verb

2. Using the zero conditional sentence

The zero conditional is used to talk about things which are always true — such as scientific facts and
general truths:

Example
If you cross an international date line, the time changes.
If it rains, the grass gets wet.
Wood doesn't burn if there is no air.
Explanation
This always happens — every time you cross a date line.
This is basically always true — the rain makes the grass
wet.
This is a scientific fact — wood needs air in order to burn.
No air = no fire.
 The first conditional (also called conditional type 1) is a
structure used for talking about possibilities in the present or
in the future.

1. The structure of a first conditional sentence

A first conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if"
clause and a main clause:

“if” clause main clause

If you study hard, you will pass the test.

If the “if” clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the

“if” clause comes second, there is no need for a comma:

main clause “if” clause

You will pass the test if you study hard.
First Conditional
 We use different verb forms in each part of a first conditional:

“if” clauseContent
Content
if + subjectContent
Content
+ simple
present verb
main clause subject + will + verb

2. Using the first conditional sentence

The first conditional is used to talk about things which are
possible in the present or the future — things which may
happen:

Example
If it's sunny, we'll go to the
park.
Paula will be sad if Juan leaves.
Explanation
Maybe it will be sunny — that's
possible.
Maybe Juan will leave — that's

First Conditional
possible.
If you cook the supper, I'll wash Maybe you will cook the supper
the dishes. — that's possible.
Test Your Understanding
Choose the correct answer.

1. The zero conditional is used when the result of the

condition is _____.
a. no longer possible
b. still possible
c. always true

2. "We'll win if we ______ well enough." Which is correct?

a. play
b. played
c. had played