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Fresher Training Program Relational Database Management System
Fresher Training Program Relational Database Management System
Date-time data
DATE – datetime type with fixed length in dd-mm-yy format
Operator Meaning
= Equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
< Less than
<= Less than or equal to
<> Not equal to
BETWEEN …AND… Between two values (inclusive)
IN (set) Match any of a list of values
LIKE Match a character pattern
IS NULL Is a null value
Operator Meaning
Syntax:
CREATE TABLE <table name>
(<column_definition>, …
[<table_constraint_definition>]);
Syntax:
[CONSTRAINT tên_ràng_buộc]
CHECK (điều_kiện)
Syntax:
[CONSTRAINT tên_ràng_buộc]
PRIMARY KEY [(danh_sách_cột)]
Syntax:
[CONSTRAINT tên_ràng_buộc]
UNIQUE [(danh_sách_cột)]
Syntax:
[CONSTRAINT tên_ràng_buộc]
FOREIGN KEY [(danh_sách_cột)]
REFERENCES tên_bảng_tham_chiếu(danh_sách_cột_tham_chiếu)
[ON DELETE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
[ON UPDATE CASCADE | NO ACTION | SET NULL | SET DEFAULT]
ALTER TABLE
ALTER TABLE is used to change table structure:
add/remove/update/change columns and constraints
Syntax:
ALTER TABLE <Table_Name> ALTER COLUMN [<Column_name>
<New_data_type>]| ADD [<Column_name> <Data_Type>]
| DROP COLUMN [<Column _Name>]
With
<Table_Name> table name should be changed
<ALTER COLUMN> change column
<Column_Name> column name need to add, change or remove
<New_data_type> date type changed to column.
ADD add new column to table.
DROP COLUMN remove column from table.
© FPT SOFTWARE – TRAINING MATERIAL – Internal use 04e-BM/NS/HDCV/FSOFT v2/4
ALTER TABLE - Exp
CREATE TABLE nhanvien
(
manv NVARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
hoten NVARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
ngaysinh DATETIME,
diachi CHAR(30) NOT NULL
)
Syntax:
DROP TABLE <Table_Name>
With,
<Table_Name> table name removed
Remove table:
DROP TABLE donvi
Exp:
UPDATE S SET CITY = ‘KANPUR’ WHERE SNO=‘S1’
UPDATE EMP SET SAL = 1.10 * SAL
UPDATE nhatkyphong
SET tienphong=songay*CASE
WHEN loaiphong='A' THEN 100
WHEN loaiphong='B' THEN 70
ELSE 50
END
UPDATE nhatkybanhang
SET thanhtien = soluong*gia
FROM mathang
WHERE mathang.mahang
=(SELECT mathang.mahang
FROM mathang
WHERE mathang.mahang
= nhatkybanhang.mahang)
Exp:
DELETE FROM SP WHERE PNO= ‘P1’
DELETE FROM SP
Or
Exp:
SELECT SNAME, CITY FROM S
SELECT masv,hodem,ten,
CASE gioitinh
WHEN 1 THEN 'Nam'
ELSE 'Nữ'
END AS gioitinh
FROM sinhvien
© FPT SOFTWARE – TRAINING MATERIAL – Internal use 04e-BM/NS/HDCV/FSOFT v2/4
Using constant & Expression
SELECT hodem,ten,YEAR(GETDATE())-
YEAR(ngaysinh) AS tuoi
INTO tuoisv
FROM sinhvien
Must use:
SELECT TOP 1 FROM Table_A
Inner join
Cross join
Outer join
Left-outer join
Right-outer join
Self join
Example:
SELECT SUM (QTY)
FROM SP
WHERE PNO=‘P2’
Example:
SELECT AVG(QTY)
FROM SP
WHERE SNO=‘S1’
Example:
SELECT MAX(QTY)
FROM SP
WHERE SNO =‘S1’
Example:
SELECT MIN(QTY) FROM SP
WHERE SNO=‘S1’
SELECT SNAME
FROM S
WHERE SNO IN
(SELECT SNO
FROM SP
WHERE PNO =‘P2’)
SELECT SNO
FROM S
WHERE STATUS <
(SELECT STATUS
FROM S
WHERE SNO=‘S1’)
SELECT SNO
FROM S
WHERE STATUS <
(SELECT MAX(STATUS)
FROM S)
SELECT hodem,ten
FROM sinhvien
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT masv FROM diemthi
WHERE diemthi.masv=sinhvien.masv)