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EIA Process, IEE, TOR Dr. Wesam Al Madhoun
EIA Process, IEE, TOR Dr. Wesam Al Madhoun
EIA
Scoping/ Required EIA Not
Terms of
Required
You are here Reference
Full-Scale
EIA
EIA
Approved
EIA Decision EIA Audit and
Making Monitoring
Review Evaluation
EIA Not
Approved
Evaluate
Options
3
Screening
It would be time consuming and a waste of
resources for all proposed projects and activities to
undergo EIA
6
Screening Techniques
Assessor or decision-maker discretion
» National Parks
» Indigenous people’s area
» Tourist area
» Ecologically sensitive area
9
Project Location (Cont’d)
Site selection defines the location of the study area
and the specific environmental resource base to be
examined
1. Infrastructure
• Commercial Airport All -
• Mass Transit System All -
• Hotel or Resort > 80 Rooms 4 Critical
Areas
11
Example Project Screening Criteria
from Thailand (Cont’d)
Type of Project Threshold Scale Location
12
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Screening Categories
All Projects
Examples: Examples:
Examples: • Renewable Energy • Forestry Research &
• Forest Industries • Aquaculture Extension
• Water Impoundment • Tourism Development • Rural Health Services
• Industries • Infrastructure • Marine Sciences
Rehabilitation Education
Palestinian Law
14
Project Screening Flow Chart
Project type on project NO
screening checklist?
YES
NO
Project scale above the
screening threshold?
YES Project located in a critical
area?
NO
YES
IAA funding, or any other special
Will the project be funded by circumstances?
an IAA? NO
YES
NO
Get specific IAA NO
requirements
YES No initial
Prepare the work plan for the initial environmental
environmental examination (IEE) examination
required (IEE)
Initial Environmental IEE
Screening Examination (IEE) Review
EIA
Scoping/ Required EIA Not
You are here Terms of
Reference
Required
Full-Scale
EIA
EIA
Approved
EIA Decision EIA Audit and
Making Monitoring
Review Evaluation
EIA Not
Approved
Evaluate
Options
16
Initial Environmental
Examination
19
Possible IEE Outcomes
1. No requirement for further environmental study;
proposal not anticipated to have significant impact.
20
IEE in the Overall EIA Process
Project Initial Environmental Examination
Screening
1. Identifies potential significant
Identifies environmental issues associated with a
projects that project
typically contain 2. Grades effects and identifies actual
potential Significant Environmental Issues
significant (SEIs)
issues 3. Resolves simple SEIs
4. Recommends further action for
resolving outstanding SEIs
» Project type
Checklists
Combination of techniques 25
Airports
Projects
Highways
Development
Rapid Transit
Significant Impact
Oil/Gas Pipelines
(VEC)
Public Health
Socioeconomic
Insignificant Impact
Project Checklist Example
Actions Affecting
Resources and Values: Potential Damages:
Magnitude
Extent/location: area/volume covered, distribution
32
Effects Classification (Cont’d)
Reversibility/irreversibility
Risk/likelihood of occurrence
Reversibility
35
Possible Strategies for
Resolving SEIs Within the IEE
Re-evaluate regional plans (e.g., to address
cumulative impacts with other planned projects)
Location alternatives 37
More Examples of
Project Alternatives
Process alternatives (e.g., re-use of process water,
reducing waste, different logging methods)
No effect
Increasing Insignificant effect
Severity
Unknown significant effect
Significant effect, resolution is within the
scope of the IEE
Significant effect, resolution is outside the
scope of the IEE
39
Where To from Here? No Further
Action
Required:
Issues with: No Effect
Write up
Issues with: Insignificant Effect findings in brief
IEE
Issues with: Unknown
Significant Effect
Issues with: Significant Effects
within the Scope of the IEE
41
Screening Initial Environmental IEE
Examination (IEE) Review
EIA
Scoping/ Required EIA Not
Terms of
Required
Reference
Full-Scale
EIA
EIA
You are here
Approved
EIA Decision EIA Audit and
Making Monitoring
Review Evaluation
EIA Not
Approved
Evaluate
Options
42
Terms of Reference Context
IEE Review: Project
Yes
IEE All potential Proceeds
SEIs resolved according to
terms of IEE
No
Terms of Reference
1. Background
2. Impact Issues
Significant Issues Full-Scale
Relevant Resources EIA
Report Formatting
3. Work Plan
When/Who/How of Task Completion
Scoping
A process of interaction between government
agencies and project proponents
Identifies:
» spatial and temporal boundaries for the EIA
» important issues and concern
» information necessary for decision making
» significant effects and factors to be considered
45
Terms of Reference Content
EIA objectives
Institutional context (i.e., legal and policy
requirements)
EIA
Scoping/ EIA Not
Required
You are here Terms of
Reference
Required
Full-Scale
EIA
EIA
Approved
EIA Decision EIA Audit and
Review Making Monitoring
Evaluation
EIA Not
Approved
Evaluate
Options
50
Evaluate the IEE’s Treatment of Significant Issues
51
Full-Scale EIA Overview
Input = Outstanding SEIs from IEE
Assessment phase:
» Qualitative/quantitative analysis of SEI
» SEI impact significance
Qualitative
Networks
Overlays/GIS
Expert Systems
53
Risk Assessment
Quantitative
EIA Impact Identification Methods
Selection of Appropriate Methods
54
Checklists
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Simple to understand Do not distinguish
and use between direct and
indirect impacts
Good for site
selection and priority Do not link action and
setting impact
Qualitative
55
Matrices
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Link action to Difficult to
impact distinguish direct and
Good method for indirect impacts
displaying EIA Significant potential
results for double-counting
of impacts
Qualitative
56
Networks
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Link action to Can become overly
impact complex if used
Useful in simplified beyond simplified
form in checking for version
second order
impacts
Handles direct and
Qualitative
indirect impacts
57
Overlays
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Easy to understand Address only direct
and use impacts
Good display Do not address
method impact duration or
probability
Good for site
selection setting
58
Expert Systems
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Excellent for impact Heavy reliance on
identification and knowledge and data
analysis Often complex and
Good for expensive
experimenting
Semi-quantitative to
quantitative
59
Impact Significance
Determination
Impact Impact
Impact
Characteristics x Importance = Significance
(e.g., spatial extent) (e.g., value)
60
Characteristics Affecting
Impact Significance
65