Lecture 2

(Power Plant Engineering)

Madhusmita Sahu
Asst. Professor
Mechanical Engineering 8/15/2016 1
 About coal.
 Introduction.

 Availability of Coal in India.

 Transportation of Coal.

 Analysis of Coal.

 General Layout of CHP.

 CHP Auxiliary And Equipment's

 Maintenance of CHP.

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 Coal is a type of fuel which is nonrenewable
in nature.
 Coal is also known as black diamond.

 It consists of high content of carbon.

 It is the most impure form of carbon.

 It is used for generation of heat by burning.

 It is used as cooking fuel in most part of

country.

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 What is CHP?
 CHP (C- Coal, H- Handling, P- Plant)
 Which properly handles the coal from its receipt
to transferring it to bunkers.

 Objective of CHP :-

To supply the quanta of processed coal to

bunkers of Coal mills for Boiler
operation.
 To Stack the coal to coal yard.

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 Mostly E and F grade coal used in India.
 Blending Is Done To get Average D
Grade.
Grade C.V. % Ash + Moisture
( K Cal / Kg. )

A > 6200 19.57

B 5601-6200 19.57 - 23.97

C 4941-5600 23.92 - 28.69

D 4201-5940 28.69 - 34.05

E 3361-4200 34.06 - 40.14

F 2401-3360 40.14 - 47.10

5
 Best and
Cheap
5 ways of Transportation. facility at
Doorstep

• 1. Railways. Available only for

TPS nearer to coal
• 2. Ropeways. mines
• 3. Roadways.
Fear of thief
• 4. waterways.
• 5. Airway.
waterway may not be
possible till TPS and
Problem of recalling arises
if coal dip in water
Have to build Runway
near TPS which is very
costly.
 Chemical Analysis of Coal:-
Sample of coal is randomly collected from each
rake and detailed chemical analysis, calculation of
calorific value is carried out and is confirmed
whether it is as per agreement with the coal mines
or not.
 Wagon Tippler Crusher House
Hopper

Feeder Surge
Hopper

Conv. Belts Vibratin

g
Screens
Crushers
Tripper Trolley

Bunkers

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CHP Auxiliaries
Bunkering Cycle

Stacking Cycle

Reclaiming Cycle
From W/T
Crusher House
Surge
Hopper

Vibrating
Feeder

Crush
Bunkering er
Belts

Bunkers
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From W/T
Crusher House
Coal Is not required if
bunker is full or
Due any
maintenance

By-Passed Coal
Bunkering Stacking Belts
Belts

Crushed
Bunkers
Yard
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 If Outer Supply of
coal Is Not Present
From W/T
Crusher House
Non-
Crushed
Yard

Reclaiming Belts
Stacked Coal
Bunkering
Belts

Crushed
Bunkers Yard
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 These are used to unload the coal wagons into coal
hoppers in very less time (e.g. 20 wagons/hr. or
more).
 It is of two types

 Rota side tippler( rotate by 135deg)

 Rotary tippler(rotate by 180deg)

 Weighing of coal is carried out at wagon tippler.

 It is rack and pinion type

 Normally 55-60 metric ton of coal come in each

wagon.
Wt of the coal =Wt. of loaded wagon – Wt. of empty wagon
 Motor

Thruster
Brake

G/B

Pinion

Spur Gear
 Wagon tippler

Hopper
Mesh of 250 mm * 250
mm
Vibrating Feeder

Conveyor Belt

To crusher
House
 Water Sprinkler System.
 Dust Extraction System.

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 Construction of Conveyor Belt
 Conveyor Belt Drive System

 Idlers

 Protection System
◦ Interlocking
◦ Magnetic Separator
  Synthetic rubber.
 It may be 4ply,5ply,6ply.
 4 ply means 4 nylon net in between 2 mm thick
rubber coating is used.
 A belt of 1000 mm width is used.
 Width varies from 500 mm -1400 mm.

Strength = 600N

1000 mm
Net
 Fusible Head End Pulley
plug

Motor G/B

Fluid Coupling
Filled with 3/4th oil

Belt Speed
Tail End Pulley
oSpeed before crusher 2.4
m/sec
oSpeed After Crusher 2.7 m/sec
 Carry Side Return Side

Self Alignment Impact Return Roller Return Adjustment

Roller
( Installed after Below Discharge
every 25m ) chute
( rubber coating )

35°
 Vibrating feeder-the coal stored in a huge hub is
collected on the belt through vibrations created by
vibrating feeders.

 Flap gates-these are used to channelize the

movement of coal.

 Metal detector-these detect the presence of any

ferrous and non ferrous metal in the coal.it consists of
transmitter and receiver.

 Reclaim hopper-process of taking coal from the dead

storage for preparation and feeding to reclaim
hoppers.
 Interlocking is used for safety purpose. If any
belt fails all other belts stop working which
are interconnected.

 Magnetic Separator is used to remove metal

particle from coal conveyed through conveyor
belt for improving boiler efficiency.
 Three Stage Crushing System is used in Plant.
◦ 1.Double Roll Crusher
◦ 2.Rotary Breaker Crusher
◦ 3.Impact Crusher

W / T No.4

600 mm

Impact Stage 3
DRCR RBCR
250 80 mm
mm
Stage 1 Stage 2
20-25
mm
 Roller

Teeth

300
mm
250 mm
Striking
Plate
Hole of diameter 100
mm

Stone
shell

80 mm
Coal

Hammer

30 Rotor
mm