UNEMPLOYMENT

By-
Ankur srevastava
Ankush
Arti sharma
Arun kumar
Arun laal
 What is unemployment
• Unemployment refers to the situation where
the person who is able to work and willing to
work, fails to secure work or activity which
gives him income or means of livelihood.
 Types of Unemployment
• Voluntary unemployment
• Frictional Unemployment
• Casual Unemployment
• Seasonal unemployment
• Structural unemployment
• Technological Unemployment
• Cyclical Unemployment
• Disguised Unemployment
 Measurement of unemployment
• Usual principal Status Basis(UPS)
Estimates the number of persons who may be
said to be Chronically unemployment
• Current weekly Status(cws)
estimates the number of persons who are
unemployed for the week even if they are
employed only for a day during the week.
• Current Daily status Basis(CDS)
CDS is the aggregate of all unemployment days
of all persons.
 Unemployment in India
• The nature of unemployment differs from
industrially advanced countries.
• It is suffering from cyclic unemployment and
frictional unemployment but the existence of
chronic under-employment, disguised
unemployment in the rural sector and the
unemployment among the educated classes is
more.
 Unemployment Rate(rural)
Year Usual Principal status(UPS) Current Daily Status(CDS)

()1977-78 3.26 7.70

1983 1.91 7.94

1987-88 3.07 5.25

1993-94 1.80 5.63

1999-2000 1.96 7.21

 Unemployment Rates(urban)
Usual Principal status(UPS) Current Daily Status(CDS)

1973-78 8.77 10.34

1983 6.04 9.52

1987-88 6.56 9.36

1993-94 5.21 7.43

1999-2000 5.23 7.65

 Unemployment Rates(All-India)
Usual Principal status(UPS) Current Daily Status(CDS)

1977-78 4.23 8.18

1983 2.77 8.28

1987-88 3.77 6.09

1993-94 2.56 6.03

2000 2.81 7.32

 Causes of Unemployment
• Enormous increase in the population
• Poverty
• Vocational unfitness and physical disabilities
• Increase of technology and computerization
causing problems
 Various Schemes to Reduce Unemployment and
Under-employment
• Rural Works Programme (RWP)(1970-71)
• Cash Scheme for Rural Employment(1971)
• Maharashtra Employment Guarantee Scheme(1972-73)
• Training of Rural youth in self-Employment (TRYSEM)(1979)
• National Rural Employment Program(NREP)(1980)
• Self employment program for urban poor(1986-87)
• Jawahar Rozgar Yojna(1989)
• Nehru Rozgar Yojna(1989)
 Unemployment in 5 year plans
• In 5th five year plan(1974-79) stress was laid on
unemployment with other issues.
• 9th five year plan(97-02) also included full scale
employment in its focus area.
• 10th five year plan targeted to reduce unemployment
from a level of 9.11% to 5.11% in 06-07(achieved
target shows that unemployment on CDS basis was
8.3%)
• 11th five year plan(07-12) has aimed at generating 58
million employment opportunities and reducing
unemployment among the educated to less than 5%.