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DISCOVERY LEARNING
Group 7:
Lê Hoàng Yến
Trần Bích Hảo
Vũ Minh Tâm
Phú Thi Hoài Thu

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 OUTLINE
Phú Thị Hoài Thu 1. Constructivism: Its theory
2.Discovery learning: Lead in, Definition and
Objectives
Lê Hoàng Yến 2.Principles of
Discovery Learning Model
Vũ Thị Minh Tâm 3.Advantages and disadvantages of discovery
learning

Trần Bích Hảo 4.Some examples of Discovery Learning

Method. Implications and Conclusion
1. Constructivism: Its theory
2.Discovery learning:
Definition and Objective.

Phú Thị Hoài Thu

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 What is constructivism?
Constructivism is the theory that says learners construct
knowledge rather than just passively take in information.
As people experience the world and reflect upon those
experiences, they build their own representations and
incorporate new information into their pre-existing
knowledge (Schemas).
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  Characteristics of constructivism
1. Learners construct understanding
2. New learning depends on current understanding

3 Learning is facilitated by social interaction

4 Meaningful learning occurs within authentic

learning tasks

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DISCOVERY
LEARNING

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 DEFINITION
Discovery learning is a powerful
instructional approach that guides and
motivates learners to explore information
and concepts in order to construct new ideas,
identify new relationships, and create new
models of thinking and behaviour
(Jerome Bruner )
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 OBJECTIVES
Bell (1978) suggested some specific goals
of learning by discovery
  Promote "deep" learning. From
discovery learning, students learn to find
patterns in situations both concrete and
abstract, many students also predict the
additional information provided
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 OBJECTIVES
  Promote meta-cognitive skills
(problem-solving skills, creativity,
etc.)  Students also learn to formulate
questions and answers that are useful to
obtain information .
    
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 OBJECTIVES
 Promote student engagement.Learning by
    
discovery helps students to form effective ways of
working together, sharing information, and using these
ideas to others.
There are some facts showing that the skills,
concepts and principles learned through discovery are
more meaningful.
 Skills learned in discovery learning situations in
some cases are more easily transferred to new
activities and applied in a new situation.
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 2.Principles of
Discovery Learning Model

Lê Hoàng Yến
 DISCOVERY LEARNING
We need to design learning that
involves students in making
meaning, not just accepting
information
https://www.davidgeurin.com/ @DavidGeurin

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Discovery learning is
? the opposite of Direct instruction?

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 Discovery learning

Teacher:
- provides Ss with minimal guidance, fewer explanations
- supports Ss with material needed to complete a project

Students:
work alone or in groups arrive at their own understandings
 Teacher and students’ role in discovery learning

TEACHER’S STUDENTS’
ROLE ROLE
 build new
 Provide guided tasks
knowledge from the
with a variety of
existing experience
instructional
and knowledge
techniques
 encourages learners  Interacts with world
to extend what they around them while
know and invent exploring &
something new. manipulating objects,
questioning or
 Provide feedback to performing
Ss’ ideas experiments
 Principles of Discovery Learning Model
(1) Active learning rather than passive learning
(Curriculum should focus on the development of problem-solving skills)
real
presenting or experience
talk a topc

discussing
group

actually doing
presenting a experiment
dramatization
Passive learning: Acquire
knowledge without active effort: Active learning: learn through activities such
feeling, seeing, listening,… as discussion, problem solving,…
 Principles of Discovery Learning Model
(2) Learner Management

Allowing learner to work Allowing learner learn at their own pace.

either alone or with others

=> Relieve learners from unnecessary stress and makes

them feel they own learning.
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 Principles of Discovery Learning Model

(3) Integrating and Connecting

Learning must encourage the integration of new knowledge into

the learner’s existing knowledge base and clearly connect to the
real world

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 Principles of Discovery Learning Model

(5) Failure & feedback are necessary

Knowledg
e

Value
Failur Experience
e

Resilience

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 Principles of Discovery Learning Model

(5) Failure & feedback are necessary

Feedback:
 engages in a real conversation to share what they are seeing, thinking
and feeling
 demonstrates how learners have been observing the efforts and
outputs
 encourages learning agility.

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 3. Advantages and
disadvantages of discovery
learning

Vũ Thị Minh Tâm

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Read the following definition of discovery learning again and
answer the question:
What are advantages and disadvantages of discovery
learning?

Discovery learning is a powerful instructional approach that guides

and motivates learners to explore information and concepts in order to
construct new ideas, identify new relationships, and create new models
of thinking and behaviour. (Bruner, 1960)
 Discovery Learning
Advantages Disadvantages
Supporting active engagement of the Confusing the students if no initial
students in the learning process framework is available
Fostering curiosity Being so inefficient and time -
consuming
Enabling the development of lifelong Leading to low students’ frustration
learning skills
Providing motivation, interest, and
satisfaction
Enhancing the development of
intellectual capacities and problem
solving
 Discovery Learning in the Classroom

Discovery learning
lessons can take on
different forms
depending on the level
of the students.

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 Discovery Learning in the Classroom

In an elementary
classroom:
Students are given a set of
step – by - step instructions
followed by a set of questions
in which the students
discover something new.

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 Discovery Learning in the Classroom

In upper elementary and

secondary classrooms:
 Discovering learning can be
an opportunity to research a
subject of interest.
 Students can use technology to
do research and prepare a
presentation.

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 Discovery Learning in the Classroom

The necessary teacher skills are required for Discovery Learning:

 Ensure that what is discovered is educationally valuable and that further
investigations are supported and encouraged.
 Help the children again and again to ask the kinds of questions about their
understanding and beliefs in all areas of life to provide these young students
experience to discover and test these understanding.
 Be ready to see and accept their changing role, one which moves the teacher
from one who knows everything ad passes that on the students to one who
facilitates learning.
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 4.Some examples of
classroom activities applying
Discovery Learning Method.

. Implications and Conclusion

Trần Bích Hảo

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 EXAMPLES OF CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
APPLYING DISCOVERY LEARNING METHOD

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Example 1

● In speaking lesson - Unit 2: Your body

and You ( Textbook 10, p17),
teacher shows a picture and
asks students to explore the picture.
 Example 1

Students will:
● See the model organs.
● Think of the systems belonging to human body.
● Name the systems and their functions
● Figure out where each organs fits in the systems.
 Example 1

Teacher will:
● Ask Sts to exchange their answer sheets and compare the answers with their partners.

● Go around and collect the best answer.

● Show the best answer to the whole class.

● Check Sts’ understanding and give feedback.

● Provide more information .

Example 2
 Example 2

● In Speaking lesson: Unit 1- Textbook 12(p 12) Sts will talk about 3 famous
people in our history including Nguyen Trai, King Le Loi and Le Quy Don.
● Before speaking, the teacher will ask Sts to name some national heroes then
show a picture and ask Sts whether they know this person or not. If The Sts do
not know, teacher will give the answer.
● Teacher encourages Sts to give all the information that they know about
Nguyen Trai
 Example 2

● Sts will provide the information about Nguyen Trai:

● Born and died
● His life and work
● His dedication to our nation
● The mystery of the Lychee Garden ( Le Chi Vien )
 Example 2

Teacher will:

● Check the information and provide the details.

● Lead in the new lesson

 IMPLICATIONS

● The Discovery Learning Method is a constructivist theory meaning that

students construct their own understanding and knowledge to the lessons.

● The Discovery Learning Method is an active, hands on style of learning.

Bruner emphasized that we should be “learning by doing”.
 IMPLICATIONS

● The Discovery Learning Method can be applied to all parts of a

curriculum.

● To effectively use the Discovery Learning Method in a classroom, a

teacher needs to not only be flexible but also well-prepared, organized
and have an understanding of what is discovered in class.

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 IMPLICATIONS

● The Discovery Learning Method is a great choice for

ESL students, as well as students with behavioral or
developmental problems.
● When The Discovery Learning Method is used,
students are on task more often as they are actively
part of the learning process, not being spectators.
 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the Discovery Learning Method is highly supported by
educational psychologists. Although it has some disadvantages, this
method is still applied widely in both teaching and learning L1 and L2. In
teaching, teachers should apply this method because it helps students
create memorable lessons that will turn them into lifelong leaners .
Teaching method that rely on student-centered learning are considered a
more active style of teaching . Therefore, applying this method in teaching
is one of the most effective learning methods.

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Check your understanding

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Q1: Who was the first person to initiate the Discovery
Learning Method?

A. Jean Piaget
B. Jerome Bruner
C. Immanuel Kant
D. Lev Vygotsky

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Q2. True/ false?
Discovery learning refers to various instructional design models that engage
students in learning through discovery,

Answer : True
Q3. Fill in the blanks
One of five Principles of Discovery Learning Model is:
……………… and ……………… are necessary

Answer: Failure & feedback

Q4: Decide whether the following statement is true or false.

Discovery learning is considered a constructivist based approach to

education.

Answer : True
Q5: Decide the following statement is True or False?
In Discovery learning approach, students participate actively in
the learning process rather than passively receiving knowledge.

Answer: True

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