Cardiopulmonary

resuscitation
Basic Life Support
Recognition

Activation

CPR

Defibrillation
Recognition:
 SCA
 Unresponsiveness
 Absence of normal breathing
Activation
 Emergency team
 108
CPR
 Circulation
 Airway
 Breathing
Defibrillation
 AED
Chain of Survival
Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation
of the emergency response system
Early CPR that emphasizes chest compressions

Rapid defibrillation if indicated

Effective advanced life support

Integrated post– cardiac arrest care

Chain of Survival
 1-
1- CPR
CPR Sequence
Sequence
Change:
From A-B-C to C-A-B.
Initiate chest
compressions before
ventilations.
ventilations
Why?
I-Goal: To reduce delay to
CPR, sequence begins
with skill that everyone
can perform.
II- Emphasize primary
importance of chest
compressions for
professional rescuers.
Principles of BLS
C-A-B
Circulation
 assess & compressions
 push hard & fast, 100/ min & allow recoil of chest
 interruptions < 10 sec
Airway
 Bag mask / mouth – mouth rescue breaths
 Early intubation in parturient

Breathing
 Visible chest rise for 1 sec.
 Avoid hyperventilation
 Simplified
Adult
BLS Algorithm
Travers, A. H. et al. Circulation 2010;122:S676-S684
• Call for help
Check carotid pulse (<10sec)
Chest compressions
• Two rescue breaths
Compressions : breaths

30 : 2
• Defibrillation

Stand clear !
© 2010 American Heart Association. All
rights reserved.
 High quality BLS is basis
for
 good ACLS !
1.In an adult with an advanced airway in place
during 2-rescuer CPR, breaths should be
administered how often?
 Every 2 to 3 seconds ( 20 to 30 breaths per minute)
 Every 4 to 5 seconds ( 12 to 15 breaths per minute)
 Every 6 to 8 seconds ( 8 to 10 breaths per minute)
 Every 10 to 12 seconds ( 5 to 6 breaths per minute)
2.The compression to ventilation ratio for the lone
rescuer giving CPR to victims of ANY age is:
 10:1
 30:1
 30:2
 15:2
3.The critical characteristics of high-quality CPR
include which of the following?
 Starting chest compressions within 10 seconds of
recognition of cardiac arrest
 Push hard and fast
 Minimize interruptions
 All of the above
4.The proper steps for operating an AED are:
 Power on the AED, attach electrode pads, shock the
patient, analyze the rhythm
 Power on the AED, attach electode pads, analyze the
rhythm, clear the patient, deliver shock
 Attach electrode pads, check pulse, shock patient, analyze
rhythm
 Check pulse, attach electrode pads, analyze rhythm, shock
patient
5.The initial Basic Life Support (BLS) steps for
adults are:
 Assess the victim, give 2 rescue breaths, defibrillate, start
CPR
 Assess the victim, activate EMS and get AED, check pulse,
start CPR
 Check pulse, give rescue breaths, assess the victim,
defibrillate
 Assess the victim, start CPR, give 2 rescue breaths,
defibrillate
6.Where should you attempt to perform a pulse
check in a child from 1 year of age to puberty?
 Brachial artery
 Ulnar artery
 Temporal artery
 Carotid or Femoral artery
7.The 5 links in the adult Chain of Survival include
all of the following EXCEPT:
 Early CPR
 Rapid Defibrillation
 Advanced airway placement
 Integrated Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
8.Signs of airway obstruction include which of the
following?
 Poor air exchange
 High-pitched noise while inhaling
 Inability to speak
 All of the above
9.The 2010 AHA Guidelines for CPR recommended
BLS sequence of steps are:
 Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing
 Airway, Breathing, Check Pulse
 Airway, Breathing, Chest Compressions
 None of the above
10.How often should rescuers switch roles when
performing 2-rescuer CPR?
 After every cycle of CPR
 After every 2 cycles of CPR
 After every 5 cycles of CPR
 After every 10 cycles of CPR
Thank you