La Irlanda moderna

Legislació a Irlanda, s.XVIII

The Penal Laws
• 1699: Acte de restricció d’exportació de lana
irlandesa
• 1695, 1704: Legislació restringint els drets de
catòlics (càrrecs públics / terres, educació…)
• 1719: ‘Toleration Act’ per a dissidents
protestants
• 1772, 1778, 1792: Actes d’alleujament (“Relief
Acts”) per catòlics a Irlanda
1798: United Irishmen planejaven rebellió
• 1800 (1 gener 1801): Acte
d’Unió: United Kingdom
• Daniel O’Connell: Catholic
Association (1828) →
• Famine (la Gran Fam) i
emigració
 La Gran Fam, 1840s (Potato Famine)
• An Gorta Mór (la Gran
Gana)
 Renaixement Gaelic
• Gaelic League
• Gaelic Athletic Association
• 1905: Sinn Féin
• Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB)
• 1912: tercer Home Rule Bill pel Primer Ministre
britànic, Herbert Henry Asquith

• 1914: comença la Primera Guerra Mundial

• 1916: National Service Act
 The Easter Rising, 1916
• Patrick Pearse
• James Connolly
• Joseph Plunkett
• Éamon de Valera
• 24 d’abril: proclamació
de la Republica irlandesa
• Kilmainham Jail:
The GPO (General Post Office), Dublin
execucions de 15 dels
caps dels rebels
Dublin, abril 1916
 Guerra de la Independència, 1919
• Eleccions de 1918: Sinn
Féin guanya 73 escons
• Dáil Éireann →
• Confirmació de la
declaració d’independència
de 1916

• IRA (Irish Republican Army)

• RIC = Royal Irish
Constabulary
• Michael Collins
• Éamon de Valera
• “Black and Tans”
 La divisió d’Irlanda, 1921
• Government of Ireland
Act, 1920:
creació de “Northern
Ireland”
• Maig, 1921
• Anglo-Irish Treaty,
desembre 1921 →
• Irish Free State
(Constitution) Act, 1922
• Guerra civil
Irlanda des
de 1921
 Bloody Sunday, 1972
• Derry (Londonderry), 30 • David Cameron (PM), juny
gener 1972, Civil Rights 2010: "What happened on
March Bloody Sunday was both
unjustified and unjustifiable.
• http://www.youtube.com
It was wrong. What happened
/watch?v=MOgCLH9Mo60 should never have happened.
&feature=related The Government is ultimately
• http://www.youtube.com responsible for the conduct of
/watch?v=MuhLjXA_BYk the armed forces and for that,
on behalf of the Government,
indeed on behalf of our
• country, I am deeply sorry."
 The Good Friday Agreement, 1998
• http://www.nio.gov.uk/agreemen
t.pdf
Tony Blair i Bertie Ahern
1. We, the participants in the multi-party
negotiations, believe that the agreement we
have negotiated offers a truly historic
opportunity for a new beginning.
2. The tragedies of the past have left a deep
and profoundly regrettable legacy of suffering.
We must never forget those who have died or
been injured, and their families. But we can
best honour them through a fresh start, in
which we firmly dedicate ourselves to the
achievement of reconciliation, tolerance, and
mutual trust, and to the protection and
vindication of the human rights of all.
3. We are committed to partnership, equality
and mutual respect as the basis of
Relationships within Northern Ireland,
between North and South, and between these
islands.