Mr. Christian S.

Sol
Accredited DOLE-OSH Safety
Consultant
Accredited DENR Pollution Control
Officer
 “Any PROPERTY DAMAGE incident that
involves personal injury & all other damage
incidents that require repair or replacement,
other than those resulting from normal wear &
tear, shall be considered as ACCIDENTAL &
must be included in the REPORTING
PROGRAM”
 “Any DAMAGE INCIDENT that is considered
outside the standards established or desired
for fair wear & tear by the most knowledgeable
persons will be considered ACCIDENTAL &
included in the REPORTING SYSTEM.”
1 PEOPLE (MAN)
3 MATERIAL
2 EQUIPMENT (MACHINE)
4 ENVIRONMENT (WORKPLACE)
5 WORK METHODS & PROCEDURES
6 TIME
 1

 PEOPLE includes all those who design,

oversee, or produce the product or
service. PEOPLE means managers,
service technicians and assemblers.
 If the problem involves an issue with
people, review how each person was
SELECTED, PLACED, TRAINED, &
LED.
 2

 EQUIPMENT includes all tools &

machinery used on the job, including
the building itself. The type of
equipment used may vary, depending
upon the business, but equipment will
include everything from forklifts to
word processors.
 Question how the equipment was
SELECTED, ARRANGED, USED, &
MAINTAINED.
 3

 MATERIAL refers to all elements that

become part of or are used to create
the product or service of the business.
Examples of material include raw
materials, as well as processed
chemicals, paper, and electricity.
 Question how material was
SELECTED, PLACED, HANDLED, &
PROCESSED.
 4

 Physical surroundings
 Physical hazards
 Air (CONTAMINANTS)

• AIR EMISSIONS (Pollution Control Devices & Fuels)

• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• HIRAC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Controls)
• WEM (Work Environment Measurements)
EQUIPMENT MATERIAL PEOPLE

Select Select Select

Arrange Place Place

Use Handle Train

Maintain Process Lead

 As you review each operational problem (or
job hindrance), consider the EQUIPMENT,
MATERIAL & PEOPLE involved.
• Question how the equipment was selected, arranged,
used, & maintained.
• Question how material was selected, placed, handled,
& processed.
• If the problem involves an issue with people, review
how each person was selected, placed, trained, & led.
 These questions will identify factors that need
to be explored further.
 E/M/P is a crucial starting point to focus on the
elements of OPERATIONAL PROBLEMS. Since
the objective of this entire process is to control
operations, this understanding is an essential
first step.
1 LACK OF CONTROL 4 INCIDENT
 Inadequate S&H Program • Struck against
 Inadequate Program Standards • Struck by
 Failure to comply with Program • Fall below
Standards • Fall on same level
2 BASIC CAUSES • Caught in
• Caught on
• Personal Factors • Caught between
• Job Factors • Overload
3 IMMEDIATE CAUSES 5 LOSS (People-Property-
• Unsafe Acts Process Delay)
• Unsafe Conditions • Minor
• Serious
• Major
• Catastrophic
INADEQUATE: People
Occupational Contact w/ Energy or
Environment
1 SYSTEM (PROGRAM) Safety & Health Substance above the
Property
threshold limit of the
2 STANDARDS Management body or structure Process delay

3 COMPLIANCE System (OSHMS)

98% are ONLY 2% are
ELEMENTS OF AN ACCIDENT Preventable Unpreventable
LACK
LACKOF
OF BASIC
BASIC IMMEDIATE
IMMEDIATE
CONTROL
CONTROL CAUSES
CAUSES CAUSES
CAUSES ACCIDENT LOSS
ACCIDENT LOSS
(Result of Accident)
(EVENT)
(EVENT) (Result of Accident)
1 PERSONAL FACTORS 1 UNSAFE ACTS 88 % or
Inadequate capability Failure to warn
H
90 %
Lack of knowledge Failure to obey rules
Lack of skill Failure to follow procedures
Stress A Removing safety devices
Improper lifting
BUSINESS
OBJECTIVES
Improper motivation
Z Failure to use PPE
Servicing operating equipment Profitability
2 JOB FACTORS
Inadequate LEADERSHIP A Horseplay Growth &
Continuity
Inadequate ENGINEERING
Inadequate PURCHASING R 2 UNSAFE CONDITIONS
D
Inadequate guards/barriers
Inadequate maintenance Inadequate PPE
Inadequate tools & equipment
S
Defective tools/equipment
Inadequate WORK STANDARDS Congestion
Wear & tear Inadequate warning system
Abuse & misuse Disorder
Excessive exposures Why you
Inadequate ventilation 10 %
need
LOSS CAUSATION MODEL
Inadequate illumination
SAFETY !!!
 Physical harm
 PROPERTY DAMAGE
 MATERIAL WASTE
 Environmental contamination
 Time delay
 Inadequate S&H
program
OCCUPATIONAL
 Inadequate Program
Standards HEALTH &
SAFETY
 Inadequate Compliance MANAGEMENT
to Program Standards SYSTEM (OHSMS)
 Failure to maintain WORK PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
for:
- HIRING AND SELECTION - PROPER JOB INSTRUCTION
- ENGINEERING CONTROL - PROPER JOB ANALYSIS
- PURCHASING CONTROL - STANDARD JOB PROCEDURES
- INCIDENT INVESTIGATION - PLANNED OBSERVATION
- PLANNED INSPECTION - PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
- RULES AND PRACTICES - PERSONAL COMMUNICATION
- GROUP MEETINGS - INCIDENT ANALYSIS
- SUPERVISORY TRAINING - PROPER JOB INDOCTRINATION
Categories Sample Quantification

1 Minor From 0 to P49T

2 Serious From P50T to P499T

3 Major From P500T to P499M

4 Catastrophic Over P5M

$1 Injury/Illness

Damage to:
$5 - $50  Property
 Equipment
 Tools
 Materials

Hiring
$1 - $3 Retraining
Investigation
A Increased union activity G Escalating equipment
costs
B Rise in consumerism
H Consumer service
C Attitudes of the courts demands
D Medical research I New accident facts
E Technological developments J Trend to
F Government legislation professionalism
K Energy crisis
• IDENTIFY THE HAZARD

• CORRECT THE HAZARD

• MONITOR CORRECTION
• On the Job Injuries / • Shrinkage, Theft,
Illnesses Burglary
• Off the Job Injuries • Vandalism
• Family Illnesses • Computer Fraud Loss
• Vehicle & Equipment • Product Liability Claims
Damage • Air & Stream Pollution
• Fire-Related Damage Cost
• General Property Damage • Drug Abuse & Alcoholism
• Product & Material Waste • Absenteeism Costs
 Approaches to Property Damage
and Waste Control

 The most appealing approach is usually the

one that brings the quickest effective
results with the least expenditure of
money. PROMPT REDUCTION OF
PROPERTY DAMAGE & WASTE can result
in a high level of confidence through the
utilization of the LOSS IMPROVEMENT
PROJECT SYSTEM.
 To achieve immediate and long-range
results, an approach that maintains
continuous long range attention must be
utilized simultaneously. The long range
program that will integrate control of
property damage & waste into every facet
of the control program will take several
years. This does not mean that the quality
planning and organizing cannot streamline
program implementation.
A. Control through Loss Improvement
Project System:
The LOSS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
SYSTEM is an effective way to focus
problem solving attention on the “critical
few” items that cost an organization the
majority of its losses.
The two major ways/methods of
identifying damaged critical items are the
following:
• Identification by management directive
• Identification by systematic professional audit
To apply these ways/methods, follow the steps described:
1) The Chief Operating Executive writes a letter requesting that department-
head level managers utilize the knowledge of their supervisory groups to
identify their own critical items of damaged waste.
2) Once the list has been channeled to the chief operating executive, a
subsequent letter from him will outline the program of control to be
described, emphasizing the important interaction and role of the safety or
loss control organization as the consulting agency.
3) By virtue of this letter directive, the program coordinator should guide the
management in the selection of a chairman for a Loss Improvement
Project Team for each critical item identified. The team should be made
up of people with the greatest knowledge of the problem or its potential
solution.
4) Give the team chairman or leaders a short training experience in TEAM
LEADERSHIP AND PROBLEM SOLVING.
5) Use the following forms (a) General Information Form and (b) Cost
Analysis Form. The first form should be completed on each “critical item”
and will serve as a starting point for team operations. On the second
form, the application of the indices of measurements defined on individual
cost analysis forms will be used to compute results.
Follow the steps described below for the 2nd method:
1) Systematic Audit by Safety or Loss Control Professionals the second
method for establishing the `critical property damage and waste items”.
In order to determine more precisely the ‘critical few,” it is the best to
conduct the SYSTEMATIC AUDIT to uncover as many items of damage
and waste as possible.
2) See to it that there is systematic safety listing of every point-of-control
frontline supervisor in direct charge of any area where anything damaged
would ultimately come for repair, replacement, salvage or disposal. The
names of the department heads for each of these point-of-control people
should also be placed on the list.
3) Arrange meeting with each of the front-line supervisors, in the proximity
of the shop or area involved.
4) Accident Recall - The program coordinator will ask the point-of-control
supervisor to recall any items of damage or waste that have come into
his area or responsibility on a more-than infrequent basis.
B. Maintaining Long-Range Damage Cost
Control
• To accomplish the long-range damage-cost-
control goal, property damage control must
become an integrated part of every facet of the
safety or loss control program. As integrated
parts of the process of total control program
development, keep in mind the following
critical program elements during the
development and achievement of longer-range
program objectives:
1) Management training
2) Supervisory functions
3) Rules and practices requiring everyone to report all
property damage, accidents, etc.
4) Engineering controls.
 From every vantage point, the Damage Control
Program looks like money in the bank.
 With these thoughts in mind, it isn’t difficult to
understand that a program directed at the control
of property damage & waste could result in these
benefits:

 Safer plant environment

 Fewer serious injury
 Reduced production delays
 Equipment value awareness
 Reduced operating costs
LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT PLANNED JOB/TASK PLANNED
ADMINISTRATION TRAINING SAFETY ANALYSIS JOB/TASK
INSPECTION & PROCEDURES OBSERVATION

PERSONAL ORGANIZATIONAL HIRING & ACCIDENT & ACCIDENT &

COMMUNICATION RULES PLACEMENT INCIDENT INCIDENT
INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS

PURCHSING & EMPLOYEE HEALTH PERSONAL MEASUREMENT

ENGINEERING TRAINING CONTROL & PROTECTIVE AUDIT SYSTEM
CONTROLS SERVICES EQUIPMENT

GROUP GENERAL EMERGENCY RECORDS & OFF-THE-JOB

MEETINGS PROMOTIONS PREPAREDNESS REPORTS SAFETY
A Setting PRIORITY – essence of planning is in
setting priorities, this view reflects the
RESOURCE LIMITATIONS of the company.
B Developing OBJECTIVES, TARGETS – use
SMART-APPROACH criteria
C Designing EVALUATION & MONITORING
TOOLS for the OSH Program.
D PREPARING SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
(activities/ action steps) to implement key
performance areas of the program element:
ACCIDENT/INCIDENT INVESTIGATION.
The SAFETY & HEALTH PROGRAM should be
built around the basic elements & continuous
improvement model outlining the details such as
targets, monitoring systems, awards, appraisal
factors, etc.
The OBJECTIVES (Specific Objectives –
Activities/Action Steps) should conform to
the following SMART-approach criteria:
(S) – SPECIFIC or SIMPLE

(M) – MEASURABLE

(A) – ATTAINABLE

(R) – RELEVANT or REALISTIC

(T) – TIME BOUNDED

 Program Element Key Performance Areas Specific Objectives Person/s Support Time Status
Objectives (Standards or Activities/Action Responsible Needed Frame
Requirements) Steps
To have an effective A Accident
program on Investigation
ACCIDENT Procedure & Training
INVESTIGATION Program
within the year 2014 that B Scope of Accident
covers the following Investigation
Key Performance Areas C Remedial Follow-up
(Standards or and Action
Requirements):
D Senior Management
Participation
E Evaluation of
Program
Effectiveness
 Program Element Key Performance Specific Objectives Activities/Action Person/s Support Time
Objectives Areas (Standards or Steps Responsible Needed Frame
Requirements)
To have an effective A Accident A To have an approved H&SC Top Jan 01
program on Investigation procedures & training module Mgrs & MGNT – Mar
ACCIDENT Procedure & on Accident Investigation by Supvrs 31
INVESTIGATION Training 1st qtr. HR Mgr
within the year 2014 Program 1 To have an approved Safety
that covers the accident investigation Officer
following Key procedure & report forms for
Performance Areas Health
personal injury/illness &
(Standards or property damage by Jan 31. Officer
Requirements): 2 To have developed an
approved training module by
Feb 28.
3 To have disseminated
procedures in reporting
accidents by Mar 31.
 Program Element Key Performance Specific Objectives Person/s Support Time
Objectives Areas (Standards or Activities/Action Steps Responsible Needed Frame
Requirements)
To have an effective 4 To have conducted 2- H&SC Top MGNT Jan 01 –
program on day training on accident Mgrs & Jun 30
ACCIDENT investigation for all Supvrs Budget of
INVESTIGATION mgrs & supvrs by 2nd HR Mgr P60T/run
within the year 2014 qtr. (meals,
Safety
that covers the B To have developed the materials &
Officer
following Key B Scope of scope of accident trainer’s fee)
Performance Areas Accident Health
investigation, including its
(Standards or Investigation proper dissemination by 1st Officer
Requirements): qtr.
C To have developed
C Remedial standards needed to ensure
Follow-up and implementation of
Action remedial follow-up &
corrective action/s by 1st
qtr.
 Program Element Key Performance Areas Specific Objectives Person/s Support Time
Objectives (Standards or Activities/Action Steps Responsible Needed Frame
Requirements)
To have an effective D Senior D To have ensure H&SC Top MGNT Jan 01
program on Management implementation of the Mgrs & – Dec
ACCIDENT Participation following activities Supvrs 31
INVESTIGATION starting Jan. HR Mgr
within the year 2014 1 Monitor status of Safety
that covers the accident prevention Officer
following Key program.
Performance Areas Health
2 Implement WTGT. Officer
(Standards or
Requirements): E Evaluation of E To have performed
Program annual evaluation &
Effectiveness review of program
effectiveness by end of
Dec.
 Program Element Key Performance Areas (Standards or Program Standards Established by Status Achieved or
Objectives Requirements) the Organization Not Achieved
To have an effective A Accident Investigation Procedure
program on & Training Program
ACCIDENT
INVESTIGATION B Scope of Accident Investigation
within the year 2014
that covers the
following Key C Remedial Follow-up and Action
Performance Areas
(Standards or D Senior Management Participation
Requirements):
E Evaluation of Program
Effectiveness
 Program Element Key Performance Areas Program Standards
Objective/s (Standards or Requirements) Established by the Organization
To have an effective A Accident Investigation A There shall be an accident investigation procedure
program on Procedure & Training established in the facility conforming to OSHS (As
ACCIDENT Program Amended). It shall include the conduct of all specific
INVESTIGATION training courses needed by all supervisors to implement the
within the year 2014 requirements of the OHS Program.
that covers the B Scope of Accident B Accident Investigation shall cover the following:
following Key Investigation • Personal injury/illness
Performance Areas • Property Damage
(Standards or • Fire Incidence
Requirements): • Explosion
• Chemical Spills
C Remedial Follow-up and C The complete system shall include the remedial follow-ups
Action and corrective actions by concerned supervisors monitored
by H&SC.
D Senior Management D Senior Management shall tackle all reports endorsed by the
Participation H&SC without delay for necessary resolutions.
E Evaluation of Program E Annual evaluation of program effectiveness shall be
Effectiveness performed by the H&SC at the end of each year.