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• A n o i n ti n g o f t h e S i c k , M a t r i m o n y ,
• Holy Orders The Seven
4TH COFFEE
GROUP 4

Sacraments
 Anointing of the Sick 2

The Anointing of the Sick is one of the seven

Catholic sacraments. According to Catholic
doctrine, this sacrament serves as a channel for
F E ESick

special graces from God that comfort and heal,

physically and/or spiritually, people who are
seriously ill and in danger of death
O Fthe

Anointing the Sick, known also by other names

4 T H C of

is a form of religious anointing or “unction” (an

Anointing

older term with the same meaning). And it is one

of the Seven Catholic Sacraments. In the
essential rite of the sacrament, a priest or bishop
lays his hands on the sick person’s head. Then he
anoints the sick on the forehead and palms of the
hands with the oil of the sick, a holy oil that has
been blessed by a bishop.
 Effect of the
Sacrament 3

According to Catholic doctrine, the Anointing

of the Sick affects the sick person in the
following ways:
F E ESick

• It provides courage, strength, and peace in

the face of illness.
O Fthe

• It helps the sick person to trust in God no

matter what happens.
4 T H C of

• It gives the sick person grace to unite his

or her suffering to the passion of Christ. It
Anointing

provides physical and/or spiritual healing

according to God's will.
• It offers necessary graces so that the sick
person may prepare for death.
• It pours out consolation and hope.
• It provides an opportunity for the
forgiveness of sins even when the sick
person is too ill to receive the sacrament of
Reconciliation.
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The three main parts of the Sacrament of the Anointing of the

Sick are:
• The prayer of faith – its focus • The laying on hands – it is a
has been on mountain-moving method of summoning the Holy
F E ESick

prayer by which we simply Spirit primarily during baptisms,

claim things from God with confirmations, healing services,
O Fthe

sureness that we will obtain blessings and ordination of

4 T H C of

them because we believe that priests, ministers, elders, deacons

Anointing

He will provide them. and other church sacraments and

• The anointing with oil – its holy ceremonies.
purpose was to bless, to set, the
anointed person or object apart
as “holy”.
 What is the purpose of the Symbols of Anointing 5

Sacrament of Anointing the Sick, of the Sick:

and who may receive it? What are • Candles
the benefits of the anointing? • C r u c i fi x
F E ESick

• Its purpose is to grant special grace • Oil

on Christians going through deadly • An olive branch and
O Fthe

sicknesses and old age. The people dove

who can obtain it must be Christian • The Laying of Hands
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and close to passing away.

• The Eucharist
Anointing

• The anointing gives unusual contact.

It connects you with men of great
caliber, men of the Spirit, and people
of influence and people that God has
intended to be great and mighty.
 Matrimony 6

The Sacrament of Marriage is a lasting commitment of a man and a

woman to a lifelong partnership, established for the good of each
other and the procreation of their children. Marriage is different to
most of the Sacraments which are conferred by a priest, or bishop.
The Sacrament of Marriage is a lasting commitment of a man and a
woman to a lifelong partnership, established for the good of each
other and the procreation of their children.
The Old Testament states that man was made in the image and
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4 Matrimony

likeness of God, and that man and woman were made for each other
and through marriage, they become one. The Church teaches that
since God created man out of love, and calls on him to love, it is
proper that the union of man and woman should be a Sacrament. The
love of man and woman mirrors the love of God and their children
are part of God’s creation.
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Marriage is different to most of the Sacraments which are conferred

by a priest, or bishop. The man and woman confer the Sacrament of
Marriage upon each other when they express their consent to marry
before God and the Church.
As a Sacrament Marriage is part of the Church’s liturgy. Jesus taught
that marriage is indissoluble: “Therefore, what God has joined
together, no human being must separate” (Matthew 19:6). Through
the sacrament of Matrimony, the Church teaches that Jesus gives the
strength and grace to live the real meaning of marriage. In the
writings of St Paul: “Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ
loved the church and handed himself over for her to sanctify her”
(Ephesians 5:25–26).
 The Marriage Ceremony
Catholic wedding vows are generally
preceded by three questions from the
priest:
• “Have you come here freely and
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4 Matrimony
without reservation to give
yourselves to each other in
marriage?”
• “Will you honour each other as man
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and wife for the rest of your lives?”
• “Will you accept children lovingly
from God, and bring them up
according to the law of Christ and
his Church?”
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The presence of the priest and of other witnesses
testifies to the fact that marriage is part of the Church
which recognises the lifelong and exclusive
commitment of the bride and groom to each other.
Catholic marriage is a vocation and it requires the
married couple to accept certain obligations toward
each other, the children, and the community.
The bride and groom say “ I do” to the wedding
vows, but the presence of the Church community
supports the couple throughout their married life. All
those present are acknowledged to be saying to the
couple “We do” We witness and support your
marriage.
The popular notion that a wedding is primarily the
business of the bride and groom is not true in the
Sacramental sense. The Church, witness of the
marriage, has a stake in the Sacrament of marriage. It
makes a difference to the community of believers and
to society that marriages are freely entered , “The
future of humanity passes by way of the family.”
(Familiaris Consortio, #86) Pope John Paul II
 Exchanging of Rings:
8

 The rings, although not required as part

of a Catholic marriage, are an ancient
symbol of the couple’s commitment to
one another and their desire to enter into
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4 Matrimony

the covenant relationship of marriage. In

the Scriptures, rings were given as signs
of commitment. After being blessed by
the priest the rings are exchanged
between bride and groom. This
T H

exchange signifies that in married life

the weaknesses of one partner will be
compensated for by the strengths of the
other.
 
 Holy Order 9

• Catholic men who “take Holy Orders” receive a special sacrament

called Holy Orders, which creates the hierarchy of deacon, priest,
and bishop.
• These men (who are ordained by a bishop by means of that
C OOrder
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sacrament) serve the spiritual needs of others in the Catholic

Church.
• A baptized man must first be ordained a deacon before being
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ordained a priest and ordained a priest before being ordained a

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bishop. 
• So, every priest and every bishop has experienced the Sacrament of
Holy Orders more than once, but he experiences ordination to each
level only once.
 Three Degrees of Holy Order
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• Bishops - By episcopal consecration is conferred the fullness of the sacrament of Orders. . . . [and]
together with the office of sanctifying, the duty also of teaching and ruling. These, however, of their very
nature can be exercised only in hierarchical communion with the head and members of the college [of
Bishops]. . . .Bishops in an eminent and visible manner undertake Christ’s own role as Teacher, Shepherd,
and High Priest, and act in his person (LG 21; cf. CD 2; CCC 1555).
C OOrder
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• Priests -  “The function of the bishops’ ministry was handed over in a subordinate degree to priests so
that they might be appointed in the order of the priesthood and be co-workers of the episcopal order for
the proper fulfillment of the apostolic mission entrusted to it by Christ” (PO 2; cf. CCC 1562-68). As
described in Vatican II, priests have three main functions: “to preach the Gospel, shepherd the faithful as
4 Holy

well as celebrate divine worship as true priests of the New Testament” (LG 28; cf. CCC 1564). But it is
especially in the sacrifice of the Mass that “they exercise in a supreme degree their sacred functions:
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there, acting in the person of Christ, they unite the votive offerings of the faithful to the sacrifice of Christ
their head, and make present again and apply the unique sacrifice of the New Testament” (LG 28).
• Deacons -  “Strengthened by sacramental grace, in communion with the Bishop and his body of
priests, deacons serve the People of God in the service of the liturgy, of the Gospel, and of works of
charity” (LC 29; cf. CCC 1569). Among the many duties they can be called upon to perform are the
following: to administer baptism solemnly, to be custodians and distributors of the Eucharist, to assist and
bless marriages in the name of the Church, to bring Viaticum to the dying, to read the Sacred Scripture to
the faithful, to instruct and exhort the people, to preside over the worship and prayer of the faithful, to
administer sacramentals, and to officiate at funeral and burial services (LG 29).

What is the sacrament of Holy
Orders?
• It is the sacrament through
which the mission
entrusted by Christ to his
C OOrder
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apostles continues to be
exercised in the Church
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until the end of time.
T H
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Why is this sacrament called Holy
Orders?
• Orders designates an ecclesial body
into which one enters by means of a
special consecration (ordination).
Through a special gift of the Holy
Spirit, this sacrament enables the
ordained to exercise a sacred
power in the name and with the
authority of Christ for the service of
the People of God.
 What place does the sacrament of Holy What are the degrees that make up the 12

Orders have in the divine plan of sacrament of Holy Orders?

salvation?
• This sacrament was prefigured in the • The sacrament of Holy Orders is
Old Covenant in the service of the composed of three degrees which are
Levites, in the priesthood of Aaron, and irreplaceable for the organic structure
in the institution of the seventy “Elders”
C OOrder

of the Church: the episcopate, the

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(Numbers 11:25).
presbyterate and the diaconate.
• This prefiguration finds their fulfillment
in Christ Jesus who by the sacrifice of
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the cross is the “one mediator between

God and man” (1 Timothy 2:5), the
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“High Priest according to the order of

Melchizedek” (Hebrews 5:10). The one
priesthood of Christ is made present in
the ministerial priesthood.
• (Only Christ is the true priest, the
others being only his ministers.)

What is the effect of episcopal
ordination?
• Episcopal ordination confers the
fullness of the sacrament of Holy
Orders. It makes the bishop a
C OOrder
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What is the office confided to a Bishop
in a particular Church?
• The bishop to whom the care of a
particular Church is entrusted is the
visible head and foundation of unity

legitimate successor of the apostles for that Church. For the sake of that
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and integrates him into the Church, as vicar of Christ, he fulfills

episcopal college to share with the the office of shepherd and is assisted
Pope and the other bishops care for by his own priests and deacons.
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all the churches. It confers on him

T H

the offices of teaching, sanctifying,

and ruling.
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What is the effect of ordination to How does a priest carry out his proper
the priesthood? ministry?
• The anointing of the Spirit seals the • A priest, although ordained for a
priest with an indelible, spiritual universal mission, exercises his
character that configures him to ministry in a particular Church. This
C OOrder

Christ the priest and enables him to ministry is pursued in sacramental

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act in the name of Christ the Head. brotherhood with other priests who
• As a co-worker of the order of form the “presbyterate”. In
communion with the bishop, and
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bishops he is consecrated to preach

the Gospel, to celebrate divine depending upon him, they bear
T H

worship, especially the Eucharist responsibility for the particular

from which his ministry draws its Church.
strength, and to be a shepherd of
the faithful.

What is the effect of the ordination
to the diaconate?
• The deacon, configured to Christ
the servant of all, is ordained for
service to the Church. He carries
C OOrder
out this service under the authority
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of his proper bishop by the ministry
of the Word, of divine worship, of
pastoral care and of charity.
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T H
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How is the sacrament of Holy Orders
celebrated?
• The sacrament of Holy Orders is
conferred, in each of its three
degrees, by means of the imposition
of hands on the head of the ordained
by the Bishop who pronounces the
solemn prayer of consecration.
• With this prayer he asks God on
behalf of the ordained for the special
outpouring of the Holy Spirit and for
the gifts of the Spirit proper to the
ministry to which he is being
ordained.
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Who can confer this sacrament?
• Only validly ordained bishops, as
successors of the apostles, can
confer the sacrament of Holy
C OOrder
Who can receive this sacrament?
• This sacrament can only be validly
received by a baptized man. The
Church recognizes herself as bound by

Orders. this choice made by the Lord Himself.

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No one can demand to receive the

sacrament of Holy Orders but must be
judged suitable for the ministry by the
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authorities of the Church.

T H
 Is it necessary to be celibate to 17
What are the effects of the sacrament
receive the sacrament of Holy
of Holy Orders?
Orders?
• It is always necessary to be celibate • This sacrament yields a special
for the episcopacy. For the outpouring of the Holy Spirit which
priesthood in the Latin Church men configures the recipient to Christ in
C OOrder

who are practicing Catholics and his triple office as Priest, Prophet, and
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celibate are chosen, men who King, according to the respective

intend to continue to live a celibate degrees of the sacrament. Ordination
life “for the kingdom of heaven” confers an indelible spiritual character
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(Matthew 19:12). In the Eastern and therefore cannot be repeated or

T H

Churches marriage is not permitted conferred for a limited time.

after one has been ordained.
Married men can be ordained to
the permanent diaconate.
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With what authority is the priestly ministry exercised?

• Ordained priests in the exercise of their sacred ministry
speak and act not on their own authority, nor even by
mandate or delegation of the community, but rather in the
C OOrder
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Person of Christ the Head and in the name of the Church.

Therefore, the ministerial priesthood differs essentially and
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not just in degree from the priesthood common to all the

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faithful for whose service Christ instituted it.

 New Testament 4 basic Dimensions of Christian 19

Ministry
•  First, the priest is a disciple, called to “follow Jesus” in total
commitment, undeterred even by family ties, life itself (Lk 14:26),
hardship (the Cross), or death __ “let the dead bury their dead” (cf.
C OOrder
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Mt8:22), and with no “looking back to what was left behind” (cf. Lk
9:62).
• Second, the priest is an apostle, “sent” to serve in the mission of Jesus
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and of the Church. It is always Jesus who is preached. St. Paul wrote: “It
T H

is not ourselves we preach but Jesus Christ as Lord, and ourselves as

your servants for Jesus’ sake” (2 Cor 4:5). Being sent meant for Paul
being “afflicted in every way __ external conflicts, internal fears” (cf. 2
Cor 7:5). But “God, who encourages the downcast, encouraged us” and
he could later write: “I will gladly spend myself and be spent for your
sakes” (2 Cor 12:15).
  New Testament 4 basic Dimensions of Christian Ministry
20

• Third, the priest is called a presbyter, an “elder”one responsible to the pastoral

care of the Church members. As God’s steward he must be blameless, . . . not self-
willed or arrogant, not a drunkard, or violent, nor greedy. . . . He should, on the
contrary, be hospitable, and a lover of goodness; steady, just, holy, and self-
C OOrder
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controlled. In his teaching must hold fast to the authentic message, so that he will
be able both to encourage men to follow sound doctrine and to refute those who
contradict it (Ti 1:7-9). He represents an institution with authority,__ not to
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dominate but to serve.

• Finally, the priest is presider at the Eucharist as he offers the holy sacrifice of the
T H

Mass in persona Christi. Thus, he gathers the community together for prayer, and in
particular for the “breaking of bread,” to “proclaim the death of the Lord until he
comes (1 Cor 11:26). Since the Mass represents the apex of the Church’s prayer and
work, it is obviously the central function of a priest’s day. For there, in the most
clear and concrete way, all the faithful encounter the saving presence of our Lord
Jesus Christ in word and sacrament.
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ROYAL PRIESTHOOD AND MINISTERIAL PRIESTHOOD

Royal Priesthood of the Faithful

1959. Vatican II set forth the basic truth that all the baptized share in the
unique priesthood of Christ. Christ the Lord, high priest taken from among
C OOrder
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men, made the new people “a royal nation of priests in the service of his
God, and Father” (Rv 1:6; 5:9-10). The baptized, by regeneration and the
anointing of the Holy Spirit, are consecrated to be a spiritual house and a
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holy priesthood, that through all their works, they may offer spiritual
sacrifices and proclaim the perfection of him who has called them out of
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darkness into his own wonderful light (LG 10; cf. 1 Pt 2:4-10).

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ROYAL PRIESTHOOD AND MINISTERIAL PRIESTHOOD

Ministerial Priesthood of the Ordained

1962. Besides making all the faithful a holy and kingly priesthood, the Lord
also appointed certain ministers among the faithful in order to join them
C OOrder
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together in the one body where ‘all members have not the same function’
(Rom 12:4). These men were to hold in the community of the faithful the
sacred power of Order, that of offering sacrifice and forgiving sins. They
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would exercise their priestly office publicly on behalf of men in the name of
Christ (PO 2).
T H
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ROYAL PRIESTHOOD AND MINISTERIAL PRIESTHOOD

Inter-Relation of the Two Priesthoods

1964. The one Priesthood of Christ, then, is shared differently by
the “common” or “royal priesthood” of all the baptized, and the ministerial
C OOrder
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priesthood of those who have received the Sacrament of Orders. Vatican II

states: “Though they differ essentially and not just in degree,”
nevertheless they ordered one to another (cf. LG 10). In his “Letter to
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Priests,” John Paul II describes how through the sacrament of orders, the
priestly ministry “tends to make the faithful aware of their common
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priesthood and to activate it. It reminds them that they are the People of
God and enables them to offer spiritual sacrifices” (Novo Incipiente Nostro,
6 April ’79, 4). Similarly, it is the common experience of priests that they
come to know their ministerial priesthood as it is called forth by the faithful
whom they serve (cf. LG 24).
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