Kuliah imunologi

Maret 2012

• Prinsip dasar sistem imun I K9 2 jam

• Prinsip dasar sistem imun II K10 2 jam

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 1
08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 2
 Content
1. Stepping stones in immunology
2. Basic concepts in immunology
3. Immunity
 Innate immunity
 Adaptive immunity
4. Inflammation
5. Immune System regulation

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 3
 1. Stepping Stones in Immunology
Immunology, its origin is
usually attributed to
Edward Jenner who
discovered in 1796 that
cowpox or vaccinia
induced protection
against human
smallpox, an often fatal
disease

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 4
 • In 1880, Louis Pasteur
devised a vaccine
against cholera in
chickens, and
developed a rabies
vaccine that proved a
spectacular success
upon its firs trial in a
boy bitten by a rabid
dog

http://www.fullissue.com/index.php/louis-pasteur-biography-
1822%E2%80%931895.html
08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 5
 • Pasteur’s triumph led to
search for the mechanism of
protection
• In 1890, Emil von Behring
and Shibasaburo Kitasato
discovered that the serum
of vaccinated individuals
contained substances –
which they called antibodies
– that specifically bound to
the relevant pathogen

http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1901/behring-
bio.html

http://www.sciencephoto.com/images/imagePopUpDetails.html?
pop=1&id=724110109&pviewid=&country=67&search=&matchtype=F
08/31/2021
UZZY AHSUINMAR2011 6
 • Karl Landsteiner
• 1900
• Differences in red blood
cells between individual
in the same species
• Antigen A,B, and O in
red blood cell’s surface

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 7
2. Basic Concepts in Immunology

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 8
Agents

Infectious
agents

Infectious
disease

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 9
Human are constantly exposed to microorganisms present in the
environment, including infectious agents that have been shed
from infected individuals

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 10
 3. Immunity
• The term immunity is derived from the Latin
word “immunitas” which referred to the
protection from legal prosecution offered to
Roman senators during their tenures in office

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 11
• Immune system : the cells and molecules that
constitute and responsible for immunity
• Immune response : the collective and coordinated
response to the introduction of foreign substances
• The physiologic function of the immune system is
defense against infectious microbes. However, even
noninfectious foreign substances can elicit immune
response

– Innate immunity
– Adaptive immunity
 Innate Adaptive
immunity Immunity

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 13
 ImmunitY
Charateristic Innate immunity Adaptive immunity
s (natural immunity/ (specific immunity/
native immunity) acquired immunity)

Components Epithelial barriers B lymphocyte (B-cell) 

Effector cells: phagocytes antibodies
(macrophage, T lymphocyte (T-cell) 
neutrophil), NK cells effector T cells
Complement

Memory No Yes
Diversity Limited Very large

Specificity microbes Microbe & non-microbe

08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 14
4. inflammation
08/31/2021 AHSUINMAR2011 16
5. Immune System regulation

• Immune active
• Immune suppressive

IMMUNOCOMPETENT
7. Failure of immune system

ENVIRON
GENETIC
MENT

LIFE
STYE
AGENT
GENETIC AGENT
• Inherited immune • Pathogens has evolved
deficiency diseases various means of evading or
• Acquired immune subverting normal host
deficiency syndrome defenses
8. Hypersensitivity
 8. Hypersensitivity

TYPE I TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV

Antibody Antibody- Antibody- T-cell mediated
mediated (IgE) mediated (IgG) mediated (IgG)
Induce mast-cell Engage Fc Engage Fc
activation receptor and receptor and
complement- complement-
mediated effector mediated effector
9. self-tolerance & AUTOIMMUNITY
10. tRANSPLANTATION
 referensi
• Abul K Abbas, Andrew H Lichtman. Cellular
and Molecular Immunology. WB Saunders.
2010. 6th ed. pp3-80