Matter
Matter – properties and structures solid, liquids, and
gases
Vocabulary:
• Matter what all things are made up of.
• Mass how much matter is in an object.
• Balance a tool that can be used to measure mass
• Solid matter that has a shape of its own
• Liquid matter that can take the shape of the container it is in.
• Gas matter that spreads out to fill all the space of whatever it is in.
How can you describe matter?
• Matter is what all things are made up of.
• You can describe matter by talking about its color, shape, and size.
• You can also describe how smells, feels, or tastes matter.
• You and I can see and feel many of the things around us. Some of these things
are alike.
• Others are different. All these things occupy space.
• All these things have mass. There are three kinds of mater. They are solid,
liquid, and gas.
Identifying matter
• Look around you. All the things that you see are matter.
• Even the air that you do not see is matter.
• The things you see outdoors are matter.
• The things you see and use at home are matter.
• The things you see and use in school are matter.
Characteristics of matter
1. Mass is how much matter is in an object. Heavy things have more
mass than light things. A balance measures mass.
2. Shape Things have different shapes. They may be square, triangle,
rectangle or circles.
3. Size. The sizes of things differ. There are big things.
4. Color. All things have their own colors. Grass is green. Banana is
yellow. Roses are red.
Characteristics of matter
5. Texture. Things have different textures. There are smooth
things. There are rough things too. Some things are hard.
Some things are soft.
6. Smell. This differs in smell. Some things smell good. Others
do not smell good.
7. Taste. Things around us have different tastes. Some foods are
sweet. Other foods taste sour. There are bitter. There are salty
foods too.
Forms of matter
• The things that surround are not made of the same materials.
• They are made up of different kinds of matter.
• Solids, Liquids, and gases are the three kinds of
matter.
Solid
• A solid is the kind of matter that has a definite shape.
• It has a shape of its own. Solids come in different sizes, shapes,
and colors.
• The amount of matter in a solid stays the same. It does not flow.
• Your books, ruler, pencil, and eraser are examples of solids.
Solids
• Solids can be large or small.
• They can be different shapes and colors.
• You can fold and bend some solids.
• A solid can feel hard or soft.
• A solid can feel smooth or rough
Liquid
• A liquid is the kind of matter that does not have a definite
shape.
• Instead, it takes the shape of its container.
• It flows at a certain temperature.
• Liquids have different colors, odors, and taste.
• Liquids do not have a shape of their own.
• Liquids can move, or flow.
Liquid
• When you put a liquid into different containers, its shape
changes. But the amount of liquid is the same.
• There are many kinds of liquids.
• Some liquids are thick.
• Mustard and honey are thick liquids. They flow slowly. Milk
and water are thin liquids. They flow quickly.
Liquid
• Some liquids can be tasted. Juice and water have different tastes and
colors.
• Other liquids should not be tasted. They are poisonous and can kill.
Insecticides, shampoo, lotion, and air freshener can kill
people if taken orally.
Gases
• A gas is the kind of matter that you can neither see nor hold. But
you can fee or smell it.
• It does not have a definite size or shape.
• Instead, it fills the entire space of its container.
• Two examples of gases are oxygen and carbon dioxide. These
are both in air, which we breathe.
Gases
• Gas is matter that spreads out to fill the space of whatever it is in.
• Gas does not have its own shape.
• The air we breathe is made up of different gases
CHANGING MATTER
Vocabulary
o melt change from a solid to a liquid
o evaporate change from a liquid to a gas
o boil heat a liquid so
that it changes from a liquid to a gas
CHANGING MATTER
o Freeze change from a liquid to a solid
o cool take heat away
o mixture two or more different things put
together
How does heat change a solid?
o When solids get enough heat, they melt.
o To melt is to change from a solid to liquid.
o Cheese melts when it is heated. Ice can melt.
o Solids can melt with a little heat or with a lot of heat.
o It takes a lot of heat to melt glass.
How can heat change a liquid?
o When water is heated, some of it will evaporate.
o To evaporate is to go into the air as gas.
o The sun’s heat evaporated the water and dried the soil.
o Each day, some of the water evaporates.
o When a liquid gets enough heat, it boils.
o When a liquid boils, it changes from a liquid to gas.
How can liquids change?
o When you put liquid in a freezer, it changes.
o When you freeze a liquid, it turns into a solid.
o You can change frozen water back into a liquid.
o When you take the ice out of the freezer, it melts.
How can you cool matter?
o When you cool something, you take heat away.
o Cooling takes heat away.
o When you freeze a liquid, you take away a lot of heat.
o Liquids turn into solids when they freeze.
o When water freezes, it takes up more space.
What is a mixture?
o A mixture is two or more different things put together.
o When you mix solids, you can see the different parts of the mixture.
o It is easy to pick apart the things in the mixture.
o Some solids completely mix into a liquid.
o The solid and the water from a mixture.
o This mixture is hard to take apart.
THE END!!
