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Gender Terms
Intersectionality

Patriarchy Different points

male-dominated social intersections of
structures leading to the
inequality, such as race
oppression of women
and gender, constitute
a matrix of domination

Lorber’s Theory of Gender

Androcentrism—male –
centered norms operating
throughout all institutions
As a social construct
through social structures,
interactional processes,
and patterns in the
distribution of rewards and
constraints

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FEMINIST STUDIES Analytical gender

Empirical Gender
Can be investigated

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Intersectionality in Military and Wars
• Masculinist qualities remain key to military life
• Advanced technologies prompts new masculinities
computer programmers are highly valorized.
• U.S. military presents a new version of Western superiority: high-tech sophistication,
efficiency, and awesome power.
•  Rape cases
• gender identities, ideologies, and institutionalized practices interact to normalize
domination and mobilize violent practices
• men are accorded a sense of entitlement: to autonomy, power, and sexual access.
• War stories camouflage political agenda and critical thinking about
institutionalized racism, sexism, classism, and homophobia
MASCULINITY NORMS
• Courage
• Individualism
• Toughness
• Independence