5

VIROLOGY
CLS 413

Prof. Dalia M. Mohsen

Prof. in Microbiology and molecular Biology
1
2
 Objectives

By the end of this lecture will be able to :

1. Describe Rubella (German measles) virus

2. Pathogenesis of Measles

3. Clinical Features.

4. Diagnosis

3
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A
 RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)

• Measles is a highly infectious

disease that affects children.
• Measles occurs worldwide.
• Human are the only host.
• Incubation period is about 10
days

P R O F. D A L I A M . M O H S E N P R O F. I N
MICROBIOLOGY
 Pathogenesis of Measles
Infection is acquired via droplets that inter the respiratory
tract

The virus multiplies locally and then spread to local lymph

nodes

Infect mononuclear cells

Release virus into blood causing viraemia

From the blood the virus reaches most epithelial surfaces of

the body include (skin, respiratory tract and small intestine
 RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)
 Rubella Virus is ,Single Strand RNA ,Icosahedral Virus , Enveloped
 Entry into the Host:-
Transmitted by the respiratory route
 Course of Infection (Primary Replication, Systemic Spread, Secondary
Replication) and viral infection on cells :-
replicates upper/lower respiratory tract and then local lymphoid tissues.
Following an incubation period of 2 weeks, a viraemia occurs and the virus
spreads throughout the body.

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A
 RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)

CLINICAL
FEATURES:-
 Maculopapular rash due to
immune complex deposition
 Lymphadenopathy
 Fever, Cough, Coryza

Arthropathy (Inflammation of one or more

joints) (up to 60% of cases)

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A
 Rubella (German measles)

DIAGNOSIS:

Laboratory diagnosis is not needed

because measles is easily diagnosed

clinically

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A
 RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES)
Rubella virus enters the fetus during the maternal viraemic phase through the placenta.
The damage to the fetus seems to involve all germ layers and results from rapid death of
some cells and persistent viral infection in others.

Preconception Risks

0-12 weeks 100% risk of foetus being congenitally infected

  resulting in major congenital  abnormalities.
Spontaneous abortion occurs in 20% of cases.

13-16 weeks Deafness and retinopathy 15%

After 16 weeks Normal  development, slight risk of  deafness and retinopathy

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A
Thank you

P R O F. D R . D A L I A M . M O H S E N
D R . D A L I A @ I N A YA . E D U . S A