STATICS OF RIGID BODY

CE 214
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT
1. FORCE AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
2. FORCES SYSTEM
3. COMPONENT OF FORCES
4. MOMENT OF FORCES
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
A force A Force is a vector quantity, because its effect
depends on the direction as well as on the magnitude
of the action.

categorized in to two
Contact Forces Non-Contact Forces
a) Applied Force a) Gravitational
b) Tension Force b) Electrical Force
c) Compressive Force c) Magnetic Force
d) Normal Force
e) Frictional Forces
f) Air Resistance Force
g) Spring Force
FORCE AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
Non Contact Forces

a) Gravitational g = 9.81 m/s2

b) Electrical Force Gravity Forces
c) Magnetic Force

Electrical Force
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
Applied Force is a Force due to the action of muscles is
called applied force. It is also called muscular force

PUSH PULL
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
A tension force is one that pulls materials apart.
A compression force is one that compress material together.
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
A tension force is one that pulls materials apart.
A compression force is one that compress material together.
 FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
Normal Force It is a contact interaction force between surfaces.
It always acts perpendicular to the surfaces and out of the surface.

Gravity Force

Applied Force

Normal Force
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
Normal Force It is a
contact interaction force
between surfaces. It
always acts perpendicular
to the surfaces and out of
the surface.
 FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
Frictional force comes from interactions with a surface as an
object moves or tries to move relative to the surface.
Gravity Force
Tend to move

Note:
Applied Force Always opposite direction of
motion and Parallel to Surface

Friction Force

Normal Force
FORCE AND THEIR
CHARACTERISTICS
Contact Forces
Air Resistance Force The force that acts in a
direction opposite motion through a gas is called Air Resistance
air resistance force. It comes from cumulative Force
interaction with air molecules.

Spring force comes from the displacement of

molecules. It is always opposite the
displacement of spring.
Spring Force
FORCE SYSTEM
a) Concurrent Forces
b) Non-Concurrent Forces
c) Parallel Forces
d) Non Parallel Forces
e) Coplanar Forces
f) Spatial Forces
FORCE SYSTEM
Concurrent Force
Two or more forces are said to be concurrent at a point if
their lines of action intersect at that point.

F3 F1

F2
X
 FORCE SYSTEM
Superposition Law or Law of Transmissibility

 It states that the state of rest or motion of a rigid

body is unaltered if a force acting on the body is
replaced by another force of the same magnitude
and direction but acting anywhere on the body in
the line of action of the replaced force.

LINE OF ACTION
F1
F1

TRANSFER
 FORCE SYSTEM
Non Concurrent Force
F1
1. F1 and F2 is concurrent at point A
2. F1 and F2 is Non-concurrent at point B

A F2
B
FORCE SYSTEM
Parallel Force
Two or more forces are said to be Parallel if its line of
action is parallel to each other
F1

F2

F3
FORCE SYSTEM
Non-Parallel Force
Two or more forces are said to be Non-Parallel if its line of
action is intersects to another
F1
a c
b F2

F3
FORCE SYSTEM
Coplanar Force
When all forces are acting in the same plane(2D)
FORCE SYSTEM
Non-Coplanar Force or Spatial Force
When all forces are acting in the space (3D)
Component of Forces in XY plane
X- Component

Y- Component

Fy F Resultant
Dy
θ Fx

Dx
Component of Forces in 3D plane

X- Component
Y- Component
Z- Component

Theta X

Theta Y

Theta Z

Resultant
Component of Forces in 3D plane

X- Component
Y- Component
Z- Component

Resultant
Moment of Forces
Moment is the measure of the capacity or ability of the force to
produce twisting or turning effect about an axis.

MOMENT

M=Fxd
Moment of Couple
Couple is defined as two parallel forces with the same
magnitude but opposite in direction separated by
perpendicular distance d

MOMENT

M=Fxd
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