BANTUAS- BOLANDO- CAMASURA

OBJECTIVES:

• What Is Contraception?
• Type of Contraception
• Arguments that support the Issue
• Arguments That are Against The Issue
• Official Catholic Teachings About Contraception
• Case Analysis
A. Sample Case
B. Moral Evaluation
• Realizations and Insights
WHAT IS CONTRACEPTION

Birth control, also known as

contraception, is designed to
prevent pregnancy.
BIRTH CONTROL METHODS MAY WORK IN A NUMBER OF
DIFFERENT WAYS:

• Preventing sperm from getting to the eggs. Types include condoms, diaphragms, cervical caps,

and contraceptive sponges.

• Keeping the woman's ovaries from releasing eggs that could be fertilized. Types include birth

control pills, patches, shots, vaginal rings, and emergency contraceptive pills.

• IUDs, devices which are implanted into the uterus. They can be kept in place for several years.

• Sterilization, which permanently prevents a woman from getting pregnant or a man from

being able to get a woman pregnant

WHAT ARE THE TYPE OF CONTRACEPTION:

 Male condoms. This condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis to collect sperm and prevent it from
entering the woman's body. Male condoms are generally made of latex or polyurethane, but a natural
alternative is lambskin (made from the intestinal membrane of lambs). Latex or polyurethane condoms
reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Lambskin condoms do not prevent
STDs. Male condoms are disposed of after a single use.
 Female condoms. These are thin, flexible plastic pouches. A portion of the condom is inserted into a
woman's vagina before intercourse to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. The female condom also
reduces the risk of STDs. Female condoms are disposed of after a single use.
 An intrauterine device (IUD), also known as an intrauterine system (IUS), is a small, T-shaped device
that is inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. A health care provider inserts the device. An IUD
can remain in place and function effectively for many years at a time. After the recommended length of
time, or when the woman no longer needs or desires contraception, a health care provider removes or
replaces the device.
 Progestin-only pills (POPs). A woman takes one pill daily, preferably at the same time each day.
POPs may interfere with ovulation or with sperm function. POPs thicken cervical mucus, making it
difficult for sperm to swim into the uterus or to enter the fallopian tube. POPs alter the normal
cyclical changes in the uterine lining and may result in unscheduled or breakthrough bleeding. These
hormones do not appear to be associated with an increased risk of blood clots.
 Combined oral contraceptives (COCs, "the pill"). COCs contain a synthetic estrogen and a
progestin, which functions to inhibit ovulation. A woman takes one pill daily, preferably at the same
time each day. Many types of oral contraceptives are available, and a health care provider helps to
determine which type best meets a woman's needs.
 Tubal ligation is a surgical procedure in which a doctor cuts, ties, or seals the fallopian tubes. This
procedure blocks the path between the ovaries and the uterus. The sperm cannot reach the egg to
fertilize it, and the egg cannot reach the uterus.
 Vasectomy  is a surgical procedure that cuts, closes, or blocks the vas deferens (pronounced vas This
procedure blocks the path between the testes and the urethra The sperm cannot leave the testes
and cannot reach the egg. It can take as long as 3 months for the procedure to be fully effective. A
backup method of contraception is used until tests confirm that there is no sperm in the semen.
 ARGUMENTS THAT SUPPORTS CONTRACEPTION
 Human rights benefits

-it's essential for "procreative liberty“

-if people are not allowed a choice over whether or not to have children, their autonomy and freedom to
control their lives is seriously restricted.

 Health benefits

-it prevents the conception of unwanted children and so reduces the number of possible abortions

-it enables women whose health would be at risk if they conceived, to continue to have sex

-the use of condoms helps prevent sexually transmitted diseases and HIV.
 Family benefits

-it prevents the conception of children that a family cannot support

-it enables people to avoid having more children than they want

-it improves marriage because

-it enables couples to enjoy the unitive function of sexual activity without being anxious about
conceiving a child

-it enables couples to have fewer children and thus spend more time together and with the children they
do have

-it reduces the cost of marriage (children are expensive)

 Benefits for women

• it promotes gender equality and the autonomy of women:

-pregnancy and child-rearing affect women much more than men

-women should have the right to choose or avoid these activities

-any restriction of birth control is therefore sexual discrimination

-it enables women to enjoy sexual activity on the same basis as men

-any restriction of birth control is therefore a denial of women's right to sexual autonomy

-without contraception a woman may find herself having regular pregnancies

-this leads her to remain economically dependent on her partner

- it enables women whose health would be at risk if they conceived, to continue to have sex
 Demographic benefits

-it enables world population to be controlled and thus protects the environment and reduces poverty

-many people think this is a dubious benefit, and point out that fairer use of the world's resources
would be a better way of reducing poverty and more environmentally friendly behavior would be a
better way of protecting the environment
ARGUMENTS AGAINST CONTRACEPTION

Arguments based on life and the natural order

 Contraception is unnatural

 Contraception is anti-life

 Contraception is a form of abortion

 Contraception separates sex from reproduction

ARGUMENTS AGAINST CONTRACEPTION

Arguments based on sexual behavior and health

 The danger of the "contraceptive culture“

 Contraception carries health risks

 Contraception makes it easier for people to have sex outside marriage.

 OFFICIAL CATHOLIC TEACHINGS

 The Roman Catholic Church believes that using contraception is "intrinsically evil" in itself, regardless

of the consequences. Catholics are only permitted to use natural methods of birth control.

 But the Church does not condemn things like the pill or condoms in themselves. What is morally

wrong is using such things with the intention of preventing conception. Using them for other purposes
is fine - for example, using the pill to regulate the periods of a woman who is not in a sexual
relationship is not wrong.
OFFICIAL CATHOLIC TEACHINGS
The Roman Catholic Church formally outlawed all artificial means of birth control on.

 Condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps were classified as artificial since they obstruct

sperm's natural path throughout intercourse.

Douches, suppositories, and spermicides were all prohibited because they destroyed or

hampered sperm. Tampering with the male seed, according to Church belief it is equivalent
to murder.
 So many contraception was avoided, Interfering with God's will is considered a mortal

sin and was punishable by excommunication.

The Church teaches that using artificial contraception is wrong
because:
• it is against 'natural law'

• it breaks the natural connection between the procreative and the unitive purposes of

sex

• it turns sex into a non-marital act

• it gives human beings the power to decide when a new life should begin - that power

belongs to God
• it leads to widespread immorality

• it damages the institution of marriage

• it reduces male respect for women

• it gives human beings the idea that they can have complete power over the body

• it allows the implementation of eugenic programs.