BS MATH 2nd Semester

Programming Languages for Mathematicians

Lecture # 02

Yusra Hanif
Lecturer Computer Science
Concordia College Sahiwal
Lecture # 02 Concordia College Sahiwal 1
 Recommended Book

 Object oriented Programming using C++ by it series.

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 Objectives

• Introduction to Operating system

• Getting started with C++

• Problem Solving

• Problem solving techniques

• What is Program?

• Programming Language

• Types of Programming language

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 Introduction to operating system….

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 Getting started with C++

Problem Solving

“A process of identifying a problem and finding the best solution for it”.

• Skill that can be developed by following a well organized approach.

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 Solution of Problem

• Every Problem is different in nature.

• Problems are very different and require more attention to identify the
solution

• A problem may be solved in different ways.

• One solution may be faster, less expensive and more reliable than others.

It is important to select the best suitable solution.

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 …Solution of Problem

To solve problems we use different:

• Strategies
• Techniques
• tools
Computers are used to solve complex problems by developing computer
program.

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 Problem Solving Techniques

Different problem solving techniques are:

• Program

• Algorithm

• Flow chart

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 What is Program?

“Set of instructions that tells a computer what to do”.

• Computer works according to the given instruction (Program).

• Programs are written in programming language.

• Person who develops a program is called Programmer.

• Good problem solving skills  Good programmer.

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 Programming Languages

“Set of words symbols and codes used to write programs”

Types of Programming Languages:

• Low level language

• High level language

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 Low level language

• Near to computer hardware & far from human languages

• Computer understand these easily.

• To write program, require deep knowledge of internal structure of

computer hardware.

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 Types of Low level language

• Machine Language

• Assembly language

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 Types of Low level language

Machine Language
• A type of language in which instructions are written in binary form(0100)

• Directly understood by the computer

• Program execution is very fast.

• Difficult to understand

• Also known as first generation language

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 Types of Low level language

Assembly Language
• One step higher than machine language

• Symbols are used instead of binary code. These symbols are called mnemonics. (e.g.
Sub is used subtract two numbers)

• Easier to write and modify than machine language

• Used for writing system software.

• Also known as Symbolic Language.

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 High level language

• Near to human languages & far from computer hardware

• Humans understand these easily.

• Instruction of these languages use English like words such as input ,

print.

• Easy to write and modify Program

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 Thank you!

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