Data Structures and Algorithms

Lecture 04

Manish Aryal
Data Structures and Algorithms
Key Learning Points
 Queue
 An ordered list in which data can be added from an end
called as rear and removed from other end called as
front
 FIFO

 Operations
 Insert/Enqueue: addition of data from rear
 Delete/Dequeue: remove data from front
 Linear, Circular and Priority Queue
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Data Structures and Algorithms
Teach to Learn
 Rear points to the topmost and Front points to bottom most element of queue.
[True/False]
 Queue is Last-in-Last-Out list. [True/False]
 If we insert the elements A, B, C, D, in that order, in a Queue then ……. is the first
element we delete from the queue
 In a circular queue, after every insert operation rear is updated as
a. rear++ b. rear = (rear -1) % MAXQSIZE c. rear= front d. rear = (rear +1) % MAXQSIZE

 The condition in which we have rear=front in a Queue is called as

a. House full b. Don’t Care c. Full d. Empty

 An element with …………….. is processed before elements with …………. in a

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List
Contents

 Static and Dynamic List Structures

 Array Implementation of List
 Queues as list

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List
Objectives
 After completion of this chapter you will be able to:
 Define list as a Data Structure
 Define static and dynamic list
 Compare static and dynamic list
 Implement the list in form of an array
 Implement Queue as a list
 Attempt 6 marks’ question in final exams

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List
Definition
 A linear list is a data structure each element of which
has a unique successor:

element 1 element 2 element 3

 Array is the simplest linear list

 There are two types of list:
 General list

 Restricted list

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List
Definition {Contd..}
 General list:
 no restrictions on where data can be inserted/deleted, and on
which operations can be used on the list
 Random list:there is no ordering on data

 Ordered list:data are arranged according to a key

 Restricted list:
 data can be inserted/deleted and operations are performed only at
the ends of the list
 FIFO (First-In-First-Out): queue
 LIFO (Last-In-First-Out): stack 7
List
Operations
 Insertion
 The process of adding data to the list
 Deletion
 Is the process of searching and removing data from the
list
 Retrieval
 also requires list searching, but does not change the
contents of the list.
 Traversal

 is retrieval of all elements in sequence 8

List
Operations {Contd..}
 Insertion
 Random list: insertion can be made at the beginning, the middle or the
end of the list.
 Ordered list: the data must be inserted so that the ordering of the list is
maintained.
 Array requires physical shifting

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10 20 25 30
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List
Operations {Contd..}
 Deletion
 Deletion from a general list requires searching the list in
order to locate the data being deleted.
 Array requires physical shifting after the data is deleted.

10 20 25 30

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List
Implementation using Array
 void menu()
 void create();
 void insert(int, int);
 void del(int);
 void find(int);
 void display();
 int isfull();
 int isempty();

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 int menu()

int ch;
clrscr();
printf("\n\t LIST Implementation using Arrays");
printf("\n\t1. Create\n\t2. Insert\n\t3. Delete\n\t4. Count\n\t5.
Find\n\t6. Display\n\t7. Exit\n\nEnter Your Choice:");
scanf("%d",&ch);
printf("\n\n");
return ch;

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 void create()

int element;
int flag=1;
while(flag==1)
{
printf("\nEnter an element:");
scanf("%d", &element);
l.list[l.length]=element;
l.length++;
printf("\nPress '1' to insert another element!\n");
scanf("%d",&flag);
}
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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 void insert(int, int)
int i;
if(pos==0)
{
printf("\n\nCannot insert at zeroth position.");
getch();
return;
}
if(pos-1>l.length)
{
printf("\n\nOnly %d elements exit. Cannot insert at %d
position",l.length,pos);
printf("\nPress any key to continue..");
getch();
}
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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}

else
{
for(i=l.length;i>=pos-1;i--)
{
l.list[i+1]=l.list[i];
}
l.list[pos-1]=element;
l.length++;
}

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
void del(int)
int i;
if(pos==0)
{
printf("\n\n No Element at zerothposition");
getch();
return;
}
if(pos>l.length)
{
printf("\n\nOnly%d elements. Cannot delete element at %d position.", l.length, pos);
printf("Press any key to continue..");
return;
}
for(i=pos;i<l.length;i++)
{
l.list[i]=l.list[i+1];
}
l.length--;
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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 Void count()
printf("\nEnter number ofelements in the list is %d",l.length);
printf("\nPress any key to continue..");

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
void find(int)
int i;
int flag=1;
for(i=0;i<l.length;i++)
{
if(l.list[i]==element)
{
printf("%d exists at %d position", element, i+1);
flag=0;
printf("\nPress any key to continue..");
getch();
break;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
printf("%d not found.\nPress any key to continue..", element);
getch();
}
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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 void display()

int i;
for(i=0;i<l.length;i++)
{
printf("\nElement: %d\tPosition: %d",l.list[i], i+1);
}
printf("\nPress any key to continue...");
getch();

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 int isfull()
if(l.length==MAXNODE)
return(1);
else
return(0);

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List
Implementation using Array {Contd..}
 int isempty()
if(l.length==0)
return(1);
else
return(0);

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Next Lecture:
Linked List

Thank You.