Nature of Research

■ Research is “the formalization of

natural processes we all carry from
birth in dealing with the
government”

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 Reseacrh involves scientific process. It requires
systematic procedure in investigating observable
phenomenon.

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Principles and conclusions are not simply based on
common sense- which may tent to be incorrect-
butbased on a carefully well-planned systematic
inquiry.
Common sense, an initial step
to testing a theory in a
“investagation of a hypothesis
based on existing theories
relating to the problem “ –
kerlinger. 1972

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 Four different types of sources

 Knowledge as belief
 Knowledge as authority
 A priori knowledge
 Empirical knowledge

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 Kinds of research
Research can be categorized as basic or theoritical,
applied, and practical. Although each kind may be
carried out separetly and independently, their
relationship is not unidirectional.

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  Kind of research may be classified according to its
purpose and the degree to which the findings may be
utilized.
 Basic research also known as “pure” research is
directed towards the development of a scientific
knowledge rather than its practical appilcation.
 Applied research research considered as an action
research is directed towards practical application of the
scientific knowledge.
 Practical research is directed towards materials
development gained from practical knowledge or
experience.