Identify whether the

representation is a
function or not
NOT
FUNCTIO
FUNCTIO
N
N
x 16 -7 -46 -5 46 -31 -20
y -8 -7 -6 -46 -2 -20 0

NOT
FUNCTIO
FUNCTIO
N
N
{(9,10), (-9,-10), (14,15),
(-14,-15), (-9,80), (-80,9)}
NOT
FUNCTIO
FUNCTIO
N
N
 NOT
FUNCTIO
FUNCTIO
N
N
 Input

Input: Any letter from the alphabet or any

number from 1 to 26
Output: If A to Y, next letter; if Z, A. If number,
the letter that corresponding to that number

Output
NOT
FUNCTIO
FUNCTIO
N
In notation, how we
denote function?

f(x)
 TYPES OF
FUNCTIONS
1. Constant Function is a function in a
form f(x)=a, where a is a real number.
The range does not change no matter
which member of the domain for a
function.
f(x)=1
 2. Linear Function is a
function in a form f(x)=ax+b,
where a and b are real
numbers.
f(x)=x+1.
 
3. Quadratic Function is a function
in form f(x)=ax^2+bx+c, where a, b
and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0.
 
4. Cubic Function is a function in a form
f(x)=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d, where a, b, c and
d are real numbers
and a ≠ 0.
 
5. Polynomial Function of degree n is a function in a
form of
𝑓(𝑥)=
where ., ,, . . . . ., .,𝑎𝑛𝑑 . are real numbers, . and n
is a non-negative integer.
 

 
6. Greatest-integer function is a function
denoted by [x] which means “the greatest
integer less than or equal to x. this is
If x is an integer, [x] =x
If x is a decimal number, then [x] is the integral
part of of x.
 
7. Radical function is a function that is defined in a
root. This function also contains a square root/
cubed roots, or any of the nth root. General form is
,
where g (x) is a function, n is index and the symbol
is denoted by radical.
 8. Piece-wise function is a function that is defined
on a sequence of intervals. It composes of two or
more expressions, which is valid for some intervals.

1 if x < -1
fx=
{x+1 if -1≤x≤0
x2+1 if x>0
 9. Absolute-value function is a function that
contains an algebraic within the absolute value
symbols which is denoted as f(x)=lxl. It is
defined as

{
x if x>0
lxl= 0 if x= 0
-x if x<0
 10. Rational function

11. Exponential function

12. Logarithmic function

13. Inverse function

Domain
and
Range
The domain of a function is the set of all
allowable values of the independent variable,
commonly known as the x-values.
 
The range of a function is the set of output
values when all x-values in the domain are
evaluated into the function, commonly known
as the y-values. This means I need to find the
domain first in order to describe the range.
Y

x
 To find the domain, we need to identify particular
values of x that can cause the function to
“misbehave” and exclude them as valid inputs to
the function.
The values of x that can result in the following
conditions are not included in the domain of the
function.

1. getting a denominator of zero (Why?)

2. having to get the square root of negative number(Why?)
 To find the range is a bit trickier than finding
the domain. I encourage you to sketch some
of the basic functions by hand.

Either way, it is crucial that you have a good

idea of how the graph looks like in order to
correctly describe the range of the function.
   
Example: Find the domain and range
1. f(x)=x+5 of the following functions.

2. f(x)= 1. f(x)=

3. f(x)= 2. f(x)=
 
3. f(x)=
4. f(x)=
 Functions as representations of real-life situations
Functions can often be used to model real situations,
identifying an appropriate functional model will lead to a
better understanding of various phenomena.
 

Example 1:
Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying
x meals, if one meal costs P40.
Example 2:
One hundred meters of fencing is available to enclose
a rectangular area next to a river (see figure on the
right). Give a function A that can represent the area
that can be enclosed in terms of x
.
Piecewise functions
Some situations can only be described by more than one
formula, depending on the value of the independent
variable.

Example 3.
A user is charged P300 monthly for a particular mobile
plan, which includes 100 free text messages. Messages in
excess of 100 are charged P1 each. Represent the
monthly cost for text messaging using the function t(m),
where m is the number of messages sent in a month.
Example 4.
A jeepney ride costs P8.00 for the first 4 kilometers,
and each additional integer kilometer adds P1.50 to
the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the
jeepney fare in terms of the distance (d) in kilometers.