Internal

Criticism
 Internal Criticism is the element of the
historical process that is deterrence. Minimizes
the historicity of the evidence in the paper
contents given in it are believable or not. It is
because; many writers will not have adequate
knowledge of the given situation. Some will
write on the situation, with motivation or
prejudice. Sometimes they will not reveal the
truth for fear of consequences.

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 Internal criticism involves
a scientific examination of the
relevance of the data.
Correction of errors,
rejection of unwanted
information is important.

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Two Kinds of Internal Criticism
Negative Criticism- is to examine that if he
was in a position to tell the truth.
Positive Criticism- is to find out wether he
has said the truth.
In positive criticism the historian and
exegete assess the literal meaning of the
text and the real meaning of statements.
Literal meanings are the immediate
meanings of a document and often fool
the immature reader.
 Circumstances Preventing to Tell the Truth:

“
- By tendency all are not of the habit of telling the truth.
- Lack of competence to ascertain the truth.
- Ability to reach out the truth, which depends on space
and time.
- It is related to the degree of attention and training.
- At times important developments are ignored.
- The witness of the parties may be the interest parties
of the author.
- To gain favour from leaders.
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 The bias in favor of a development is called
'Studium' and that against is called 'Odium'.
Domestic, racial, social institutions contribute to this
kind of favor or against. The version of the
documents is sometimes partly or fully not credible.
In case of secondary sources, the historian is to
examine whether the primary sources are accurately
utilised.

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 Difference between
External and Internal
Criticism

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 External Criticism

- Is a process by which historians determine

whether a source is authentic by checking the
validity of the source.

- Refers to the authenticity of the document.

Once a document has been determined to be
genuine.

For example, if the document in question are

Rizal's letters.
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Internal Criticism

- Looks at the reliability of an authenticated

source after it has been subjected te external
criticism.

- Researchers need to determine if the content is

accurate.

For example, Psalm 1 is full of metaphors and

simile and unless the reader understand such
devices there is no way one can understand the
meaning of the passage.
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 Team Presentation
Betty Mae N. Flores
Gabrielle Deanne Labrado
Andrea Mae S. Balili
Mae Maribao

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