A succession of stages

Trends in planning and management

 In undertaking planning projects, conducting

workshops and delivering papers on various
aspects of educational planning and project
management, Ernesto Franco has noted some
shifting trends in planning and management.
The key issues have been identified as
follows;
 Planning is an established feature of
educational development in the region.
 Educational planning, is frequently associated

with national and economic development

plans.
 Social demands and expectations of

educational systems are frequently different

from national manpower development needs.
 Several recurring themes have been;
 -the decentralization of educational

planning and administration.

 -Greater community and parental

participation
 -making the best use of limited
 -the need for an improved flow of

information for more effective management

 Some problems areas are;
 The need for more appropriate indicators and

standards by which the development of

educational systems can be judged.
 The need to make use of modern

technologies and develop improved

techniques for planning and administration.
 Training and retraining of planners and

administrators.