Piers wrapped in plastic, waxed tubes or PVC plastic pipe will resist frost

heaving from the side-

USE OPEN-PROFILE PILES-

• open-profile piles practically are not subjected to frost heave in

contrast to metallic tube piles
• Have resistance against frost heave.
• H-piles are known to be used extensively in frost areas throughout
the world,
Others-
• ALION type of trackers

• ANCHOR Foundation
• Screw Foundation
• Force calculation-

• Where F = Frost load, d = Outer diameter of pile, l =

Frost depth and α = Adfreeze stress (KPa) for the
appropriate soil type, taken from Canadian Foundation
Engineering Manual [5].
Thanks!