Cellular Metabolism

Cellular Metabolism
• is a set of chemical reaction that occur in living organism in order to
maintain life. Cellular metabolism involves complex sequence of
controlled biochemical rection, better known as metabolic pathway.
Metabolic Pathway
• These process allow organism to grow and reproduce, maintain their
structure to environmental changes.
Enzymes
• are protein catalysts that speed biochemical reactions by facilitating
the molecular rearrangements that support cell function. Recall that
chemical reactions convert substrates into products, often by
attaching chemical groups to or breaking off chemical groups from the
substrates.
• enzymes are crucial to metabolism and allow the fine regulation of
metabiloc pathway to maintain a constant set of condition in
responce to changes in cell’ environment, a process known as
homeosis.
Homeostasis
• Homeostasis, from the greek word same and steady refers to any
process that living things use to actively maintain fairly stable
condition necessary for survival.
• homeostasis is the state of steady internal, physical, and chemical
conditions maintained by living systems. This is the condition of
optimal functioning for the organism and includes many variables,
such as body temperature and fluid balance, being kept within certain
pre-set limits.
Cellular metabolism has two distinct
divisions:

Anabolism and
Catabolism
Anabolism
• is a constructive metabolic process in which a cell uses energy to
construct molecules such as enzymes and nucleic acids and perform
other essential life functions. Anabolism involves three basic stages:
firstly, the production of precursors such as amino acids,
monosaccharides, isoprenoids and nucleotides; secondly, their
activation into reactive forms; and thirdly, the assembly of these
precursors into complex molecules.
Catabolism
• is the metabolic process by which the cell breaks down complex
molecules. The purpose of catabolic reactions is to provide the energy
and components needed by anabolic reactions. Catabolic reactions
are normally exothermic and are further subdivided according to their
substrate into carbohydrate, fat, and protein catabolism