¿QUÉ ES EL SUBJUNTIVO?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pt5Dbng7jpQ

The Subjunctive is used to express the hypotethical, things with doubt,

commands, wishes, if clauses, maybe…
 CÓMO SE FORMA…

1. Put verb in the “yo” form

2. Drop “o”
3. Add the opposite ending

AR ER/IR
AR
ER/IR
 LOS IRREGULARES

DISHES

DAR IR SER
 LOS IRREGULARES - DISHES

HABER ESTAR SABER

 LOS USOS

In order to use the subjunctive you must have two things

1. A compound sentence with a subject change (que)
2. A trigger verb in the beginning part of the sentence

We are happy that you have studied well for the test.
 TRIGGER VERBS…

The Subjunctive is a ‘WEIRDO’ Verb Tense

W For wants, wishes, and desires.
Quiero que / Me gusta que hables.
E For shows of Outward Emotion
Me alegra que / Temo que hables.
I For impersonal Statements
Es importante que hables.
R For requests (Nules personal or an affirmation)
Te mando que hables.
D For doubt or denial
Dudo que / Niego que hables.
O For ‘Ojalá’ . . . a key noun clause in the subjunctive.
Ojalá que hables.
 OJALÁ

I hope that…

I hope that we win the game

I hope to be a doctor.
 WANTS/WISHES

The subjunctive is used following expressions of hope or desire.

Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject change.

Verbos que expresan deseos y esperanzas:

ESPERAR – TO HOPE
DESEAR – TO HOPE/WISH
QUERER – TO WANT
NECESITAR – TO NEED
PEDIR – TO ASK/ORDER
PREFERIR – TO PREFER
INSISTIR EN – TO INSIST ON
EXIGIR – TO DEMAN
MANDAR – TO COMMAND

ARE THESE VERBS IN THE INDICATIVE OR SUBJUNCTIVE?

 PRACTIQUEMOS

1. THEY WANT YOU TO RECEIVE MANY GIFTS FOR YOUR

BIRTHDAY.
2. I wish THAT WE DIDN’T HAVE A GRAMMAR QUIZ THIS
WEEK.
3. YOU HOPE TO LEAVE EARLY TODAY.
4. I HOPE THAT THE SUBJUNCTIVE ISN’T TOO HARD.
 STEM-CHANGERS
-AR and –ER stem changers change the same way in the subjunctive as in the
present tense.
-Form the “zapato”, no change in the nosotros and the vosotros forms. ¡Ten
cuidado con cambios de otrografía! (spelling: car,gar,zar)

PENSAR PODER
 IR STEM-
CHANGERS
-e-i changers change in ALL forms
Pedir
 IR STEM-CHANGERS

-e-ie,i & o-ue,u are a little different, they have the normal stem change in
the “zapato”… but outside of the shoe there is a different change.

DORMIR SENTIR
 REQUESTS

The subjunctive is used following phrases that indicate a request,

need or a persuasion.
Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject
change.

Common verbs of Request:

Aconsejar
Insistir en
Pedir (e-i)
Preferir (e-ie)
Recomendar (e-ie)
Sugerir (e-ie)
Hacer falta
Necesitar
 PRACTIQUEMOS

I need for you to finish the project quickly.

The teachers prefer that we don’t arrive late to class.
My mom insists that I go to the museum today.
You advise them to learn how to dance.
 IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS

The subjunctive is used following impersonal expressions.

Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject change.
Impersonal expressions are expressions that do not have a particular subject,
and us the verb ser.
Es + adjetivo = impersonal expression

All impersonal expressions require the conjugated verb to be in the

subjunctive mood.
Es terrible Es mejor
Es possible Es fácil
Es importante Es difícil+que +subjuntivo
Es imposible Es triste
Es bueno Es necesario
Es dudoso
 HOWEVER…

When impersonal expressions express a certainty

and are followed by a conjugated verb it is
ALWAYS in the indicative mood.
Es cierto - Es verdad -
Es claro –
Es obvio - es seguro -
No es dudoso-
Es cierto que tiene mucho dinero.
Es verdad que llagan esta tarde.
 PRACTIQUEMOS

It’s necessary that you practice your projects.

It’s better that we study every night.
It’s true that you all are very smart.
It’s good that they leave on time.
 EMOTIONS

The subjunctive is used following verbs of emotion.

Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject change.

Estar + emotion
Sentir
Sentirse
Alegrarse
Temer
Tener miedo de
Gustar
Interesar
Aburrir
Encantar
 PRACTIQUEMOS

They are happy we take the class.

Are you sorry that I am friends with her?
I feel sad that you can’t come with us.
 DOUBT

The subjunctive is used following verbs of doubt.

Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject change.

Dudar
Negar
No creer
No pensar
Es dudoso
No es cierto/verdad/seguro/obvio/claro
 PRACTIQUEMOS

Do you doubt that I will get an A?

They don’t believe that we will have many tests.
It is doubtful that there will be many people there.
It is clear that we have a great class!
 UNKNOWN/QUIZAS/TAL VEZ

The subjunctive is used when something is unknown/can not be identified or

named.
Sentence must be a compound sentence, and must have a subject change.
Subjunctive is also used with anything that ‘may’ happen, quizás / tal vez

Perhaps we will go to the store.

Maybe they won’t know the truth.
Do you have many employees that speak german?
There are many people that I know.
We are looking for someone that can write well.
There is nobody here that knows the truth.
 LOS PERFECTOS EN EL
SUBJUNTIVO

HABER PARTICIPIO PASADO