• (3) Individual Level Analysis

Consider human beings as actors in IRs

How groups behave and how interactions affect
• decisions
How motivations, ambitions and perceptions of
• political leaders affect states FP and relations
• with other states
Sovereignty
Between 1400 – 1600 territorial units
• began to appear that world foreshadows
• some of the modern states of today
1648 peace of Westphalia ended the war by
• recognizing the sovereignty of each king
Sovereignty is the cornerstone of the modern
• state and 1648 is dated as the beginning of
• modern international system